书信及邮件开头语：1、 How is everything (going) with you lately?2、 I am more than delighted to 3、 I am writing to.结尾语：1. Hope to hear from you soon.2. I am expecting your answer.3. Your early reply will be highly appreciated.4. I willwould appreciate it if I will would be grateful if5. If you have any other questions, please dont hesitate to tell me.6. Thank you for.中间的过渡与衔接：1. 起始关系to begin withstart with; as you know; as for 2. 时间顺序at the same time; in the meantime3. 递进关系besides=in addition=whats more=moreoverWhats worse=even worse=worse still=to make matters worsenot only but alsofor one thing.; for another= on one hand.; on the other hand.4. 转折关系 on the contrary; instead5. 让步关系6. 因果关系as a result consequence= thusthereforeas a result consequence of= because offor the reason that =because7. 条件关系if; as long as; on condition that8. 列举事实such as ; for example; that is to say; the further details are as follows= here are some details9. 表达观点 as for me; as far as I am concerned; 10. 概括总结on the whole; in a word邀请信常用语1.I am writing to invite you to 2.It would be pleasant to have you here.(你能来让我们很高兴)3.We do hope you can come.4.渴望你的到来long for your coming5.接受某人的邀请accept ones invitation6.有信心 have the confidence that7.方便的时候请告知我你的决定。Please let me know your decision if it is convenient for you写作练习：假如你是李华，你校外教Rita对中国传统文化感兴趣。端午节即将来临，你打算邀请她来家里过端午节。请写一封电子邮件给Rita，要点如下：1、 说明写信目的2、 介绍端午节（时间，纪念屈原）3、 你计划的庆祝活动求助信常用语1.I am writing to ask for your help.2.The reason for why is that.3.I am sorry for any inconvenience I have caused.4.What troubles me most is5.Unfortunately, I find/feel it quite difficult/hard to do sth.6.提供一些有建设性的指导 offer some constructive guidance7.因某事感激某人be grateful to sb. for sth.8.做某事有麻烦 have trouble/difficulty (in) doing sth9.给某人帮助 do sb. a favor / give sb. a hand 10.遇到一些问题 encounter some problems11.面临困难 be faced with difficulties写作练习：147页 投诉信常用语1.I am writing to complain about.2.I am writing to express my dissatisfaction about3.There are some main reasons why I am not content with 4. I sincerely hope that you will look into/investigate the matter/incident seriously and proper measures should be taken to prevent such an incident happening again.5. I would appreciate it very much if you could take measures to deal with/solve the problem as soon as possible.6. 表达不满 convey/express ones dissatisfaction7. 对满意 be content/satisfied with8. 预防发生 preventfrom happening9. 调查此次事件 investigate/look into the matter/incident 10. 以粗鲁的方式 in a rude manner11. 向道歉 make an apology to/apologize to 写作练习：感谢信常用语1. I am writing to express my sincere gratitude for2. I am writing to express my thanks for (your) helping me improve my spoken English.3. Again, I would like to express my warm thanks to you! Please accept my gratitude.4. 非常感谢 Thank you very much for 5. 我真的很感激你I am truly grateful to you for6. 你真好 It is really kind of you to7. 没有你的帮助，我就不会Without your help, I wouldnt写作练习：建议信常用语1. I am glad to receive your letter asking for my advice on how to.2. Here are a few suggestions I d like to give you.3. I hope you will find my suggestions helpful/useful.4. 得到改善 get improved5. 有所好转 change for the better6. 依我看来from my point of view7. 把考虑在内take sth. Into account/consideration写作练习：祝贺信常用语 1. I am writing to express my congratulations on your winning the first place in the English speech contest.2. I have learned with delight that you3. How happy I am to hear4. 我知道这肯定是因为I know this is surely owing to5. 我为你感到非常高兴I feel very happy for you 6. 是相当令人振奋的消息！is quite exciting news!写作练习：假定你是李华，得知你的外国笔友Peter获得了“汉语桥”世界大学生中文演讲比赛一等奖。你为他感到骄傲，并给他写一封祝贺信，要点如下：1. 天天练习讲汉语，从不会到流利，终于成功。2. 继续努力，有机会来中国留学。3. 希望见面和交流。注意：1. 词数100左右。2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。3. 开头语和结束语已为你写好。参考词汇：“汉语桥”世界大学生中文演讲比赛 “Chinese Bridge” Chinese speech contest 黄褐色，湿，软塑可塑，含少量粉粒，稍有光泽，无摇振反应，干强度中等，分布于卵石层之上。稍密，该层有轻微摇震反应，干强度较差，部分地段接近与粉砂。部分地段分布，主要分布与砂卵石之上