,被动语态 专项讲练,The passive voice 被动语态 被动语态基本用法 当句子的主语是动作的执行者时，谓语的形式是主动语态。当句子的主语是动作的承受者时，谓语要用被动语态。 被动语态由be+过去分词构成，时态通过be表现出来。,各种句型的被动形式,肯定句 主语+be+过去分词+（by ） 否定句 主语+be not+过去分词+（by ） 一般疑问句 Be+主语+过去分词+(by )? 特殊疑问句 疑问词+be+主语+过去分词 + （by ）？,注意：这里 be 的形式决定了被动语态的时态，其后的过去分词没有变化。,重点内容,主动句与被动句之间的转换 We bought some books. 主语 + 谓语动词过去式的主动语态 + 宾语 Some books were bought ( by us ) 主语+谓语动词过去式的被动语态 + 介词+ 宾语,将下列句子由主动句变为被动句或由被动句变为主动句：,Zheng Jie invented this special pen.变被动句,2)The bike was fixed up by Jimmy. 变主动句,3) People use sunglasses to protect their eyes.,4) Teachers allow students to put up hands in class.,This special pen was invented Zheng Jie.,Jimmy fixed up the bike,Sunglasses are used (by people) to protect eyes.,Students are allowed (by teachers) to put up hands in class.,1.They make shoes in that factory. 主语+及物动词+宾语,Shoes are made (by them) in that factory. 一般现在时：,变为被动语态,S(主语）+am/is /are +过去分词,They play football on Sunday. Lucy does the homework in the evening. They often use computers in class. We make these machines in Beijing.,Football is played by them on Sunday.,The homework is done by Lucy in the evening.,Computers are often used by them in class.,These machines are made in Beijing.,2. They bought ten computers last term,Ten computers were bought (by them) last term.,一般过去时：,S+was/were +过去分词,They built the tall building last year. He took good care of his little brother yesterday. We cleaned our classroom just now. They used this room for resting.,The tall building was built by them last year.,His little brother was taken good care of by him yesterday.,Our classroom was cleaned by us just now.,This room was used for resting by them.,3.They will finish the work in ten days.,The work will be finished (by them) in ten days.,一般将来时： S+ will+be+过去分词,We will hold a sports meeting next week. Children will take some photos in the schoolyard tomorrow. The headmaster will give a talk this afternoon.,A sports meeting will be held by us next week.,Some photos will be taken by children in the school tomorrow.,A talk will be given by the headmaster this afternoon.,4Amy can take good care of Gina ,Gina can be taken good care of by Amy.,情态动词： S+ can/may/must/should + be+过去分词,1.He can take care of the baby. 2.Lucy may draw the pictures. 3.You must turn off the lights. 4.They should learn English well.,The baby can be taken care of by him.,The picture may be drawn by Lucy.,The lights must be turned off by you.,English should be learned well by them.,Exercises： 1.Many people speak English. 2.People used knives for cutting things. 3.We can use the box as a table. 4.We should clean the classroom every day. 5.She will repair the bike tomorrow.,English is spoken by many people . Knives are used by people for cutting things. The box can be used by us as a table. The classroom should be cleaned by us every day. The bike will be repaired by her tomorrow,Some workers are painting the rooms now,The rooms are being painted by some workers now. 现在进行时： S+ am/is/are + being +过去分词,We have made twenty more keys,Twenty more keys have been made by us. 现在完成时： S+ have/has + been+过去分词,1.Lucy is watering the trees. The trees are being watered by Lucy. 2.We have finished our compositions. Our compositions have been finished by us.,各种时态的被动语态构成,一般现在时： 一般过去时： 一般将来时： 情态动词： 现在进行时： 过去进行时 现在完成时： 过去完成时：,S+ am/is /are + done,S+can/may/must/should+be+done,S+ will + be + done,S+ was/were + being+ done,S+ have/has + been+ done,S+ was/were + done,各种时态的被动语态构成,S+ am/is/are + being +过去分词,S+ had + been+ done,主动语态变被动语态的步骤（宾主换，谓被动） 1、主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语； 2、主动句的谓语动词变为被动结构； 3、主动句的主语变为被动句的宾语，由by 引出， 当不强调动作的执行者时，常省略。,英语有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态 主动语态表示是动作的执行者 被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者 Cats eat fish. （主动语态）猫吃鱼。 Fish is eaten by cats. (被动语态)鱼被猫吃。 被动语态的构成 由“助动词be 及物动词的过去分词”构成 助动词be 有人称、数和时态的变化，其变化规则与be 作为连系动词时完全一样。,知识点,各种句型的被动形式,肯定句 主语+be+过去分词+（by ） 否定句 主语+be not+过去分词+（by ） 一般疑问句 Be+主语+过去分词+(by )? 特殊疑问句 疑问词+be+主语+过去分词 + （by ）？,注意：这里 be 的形式决定了被动语态的时态，其后的过去分词没有变化。,重点内容,各种时态的被动语态构成,一般现在时： 一般过去时： 一般将来时： 情态动词： 现在进行时： 过去进行时 现在完成时： 过去完成时：,S+ am/is /are + done,S+can/may/must/should+be+done,S+ will + be + done,S+ was/were + being+ done,S+ have/has + been+ done,S+ was/were + done,各种时态的被动语态构成,S+ am/is/are + being +过去分词,S+ had + been+ done,Exercises： 1.Many people speak English. 2.People used knives for cutting things. 3.We can use the box as a table. 4.We should clean the classroom every day. 5.She will repair the bike tomorrow.,English is spoken by many people . Knives are used by people for cutting things. The box can be used by us as a table. The classroom should be cleaned by us every day. The bike will be repaired by her tomorrow,被动语态的句式： 肯定句：主语+情态动词+be+动词的过去分词 否定句: 主语+情态动词+not+be+动词的过去分词 一般疑问句:情态动词+主语+be+动词的过去分词？ Yes ,主语+情 ； No ,主语+情 +not,肯定句: Your homework should be finished by yourself. It can be used for writing. 否定句： Books cant be taken out of the readingroom. Teenagers should not be allo