1必修一 Unit2 知识点(班二）1.voyage n.航行；航海；航天make a voyage 航行They want to make a voyage across the Atlantic.2. native adj. 本国的；本土的 n.本地人，本国人The women are native people.这些妇女是本地人。be native to 意为（动植物）是特有的，原产于The tiger is native to India. 这种虎产于印度。3. actually adv. 实际上；事实上 （相当于 in fact/ as a matter of fact）He looked calm, but actually he was very nervous.他看起来很镇定，实际上却非常紧张。4. base vt. 以为基础 n.基础；基地；base sth on sth 以某事物为另一事物的根据或基础be based on 以为基础The story is based on facts.这个故事是以事实为基础的。One should always base ones opinions on facts.一个人的观点应该以事实为基础。5gradual adj.逐渐的，逐步的gradually adv.逐渐地，逐步地This is a gradual change in his attitude towards his stepmother.他对待继母的态度正在逐渐改变。6. latter adj. 较后的；后半的；后者的She lived a hard life in the latter part of her life.在她的后半生，她过的很辛苦。【注意】the latter ( 已提到的两者中的) 后者，通常与 the former(前者)相对应They are two choices for us. Many boys support the farmer, but I favour the latter.注意区分 later 后来 8.command n.& v. 命令；指令；掌握command sb. to do sth 命令某人做某事 Have/has a good command of. 精通.1). The officer commanded his soldiers to fire. 那名军官命令士兵们开火。重点用法 特别提醒 command 后接 that 从句时要用虚拟语气 should(not)+动词原形，should 可省略The general commanded that we (should) attack at once.将军命令我们立即进攻。9. request n.& v. 请求；要求重点用法request sb.to do sth.要求某人做某事( 被动形式：sb be requested to do sth)request that sb (should) do 要求某人做某事request 做动词，如后接从句作宾语，从句要用虚拟语气，谓语部分要用 should(not)+动词原形，should 可省略She requested that no one (should) be told of her decision until the next meeting.她要求在下次开会之前不要告诉任何人她的决定。【扩展】像 request /command 一样，其后的名词性从句的谓语用 “(should)+ 动词原形”的常用词有：2一个“坚持(insist)”；两个“命令(order，command)”；三个“建议(suggest，advise，propose)” ；四个“要求(demand，ask，require，request)”； He requested me _ (write) a letter of recommendation. He requested that I _(write) a letter of recommendation. The passengers _(request) to show their passports.词组 1. because of 因为；由于典例1). They are here because of us. 他们是因为我们来这里的。短语归纳because of 是复合介词。because 是从属连词，引导原因状语从句。练习 He came late to school again _ he got up too late.(2) we have to cancel our trip _ the bad weather.because of 的近义词组thanks to 因为；由于as a result of 由于 的原因by reason of 因为due to 因为，由于owing to 归功于Thanks to his help, I finished the task on time.多亏了他的帮助，我按时完后了任务。I had to stay at home due to the weather.由于天气原因我只能呆在家里。2.come up 走近；上来；提出典例 1). The little came up to the stranger and showed him how to get to the police station.小男孩向陌生人走去，并告诉他去警察局的路。3). It is certain that the question will come up at the meeting.这个问题在会议上一定会被提出来的。(无被动）短语归纳come across 邂逅 偶遇come about 发生 come from 来自come out 出版;开花；结果是come up with 想出come true 实现 come down 下来；传承练习 用 come 构成的词组填空。1). The magazine _ once a month.2). The engineers has _ new ways of saving energy.3). They _ an old school friend in the street this morning.3. at present 现在，目前 31. present n. 礼物 adj. 在场的；目前的 vt. 赠送,呈现重点用法at present=at the present time=now 目前，现在be present at 出席；到场(反义： be absent from)present sb.with sth = present sth. to sb.把某物送给某人典例 1). The mountain bike is a birthday present from my parents.这辆山地自行车是父母给我的生日礼物。2). I am afraid I cant help you at present. 恐怕现在我没法帮助你。3). In the present case, I advise you to wait. 按照目前的情况，我建议你等等。4）You can present your idea in the meeting. 你可以在会议里呈现（发表）你的见解。4.believe it or not 信不信由你Believe it or not, he is the top student in our class.5. make use of 利用；使用典例 1). You ought to make good use of any opportunity to practise English. 你应该好好利用机会练习英语。use 前可加形容词，表示不同程度的利用。短语归纳make good use of 好好利用make full use of 充分利用 make the best/most of 充分利用use up 用尽，耗尽You are not making the best (use) of your talents.你并没有充分发挥你的才能。练习你要充分利用一切机会说英语。_我们会很好地发挥她的才能。_重要词语辨析1. such as/for example/that is/and so on(1)such as 用于列举事物时常放在所列举事物之前，且其后不用逗号，直接跟所列举的事物，可与 like 互换。它所列举的事物的数量不能等同于前面所提的事物的总和，否则就用 that is 或 namely。(2)for example 主要用于举例说明，其前后多用符号隔开。其位置比较灵活，可位于句首、句中或句末(such as 只能位于所列举的事物之前 )。(3)that is 相当于 namely，它所列举的事物的总量等于前面所提到的事物的总和。(4)and so on 对几个事物进行列举时，在说了其中的几个以后，用.and so on 进行概括，说明还有例子，但不一一列出了。应用 2(1)My daughter studies four subjects in school, _， Chinese, maths, English and PE.(2)Overcooking(烹饪过度), _， destroys many nutrients(营养素).4(3)He can speak some other languages, _ French and German.(4)There are some books, pens, erasers _ in my bag.2. especially/ specially【解释】especially 意思是 “尤其，特别” ，表达事物的不寻常或特别重要specially 指为了某一目的，专门做某事【练习】用上面所提供的辨析词的适当形式填空1). Our city is very beautiful, _ in spring. 我们城市很美丽，尤其在春天。2). He came here _ to ask you for help. 他是专程来这里向你求助的。3 a number of / the number of【解释】a number of 意思是“ 若干；许多 ”the number of 意思是“ 的数目 ”【练习】用上面所提供的辨析词的适当形式填空1). Today _ people learning Chinese in the world is raising rapidly.2). _ books in the market are in English.5练习（班二）单词拼写1A lot of students p_ at the meeting took part in the discuss