国际贸易（International Trade）国际贸易惯例（International Trade Practice）2000年国际贸易术语解释通则（INCOTERM 2000）FOB ( Free On Board ) .named port of shipmentFOB 也称“离岸价”，实践中的使用通常为“FOB港（出发地）按FOB成交，由买方负责派船接运货物，卖方应在合同规定的装运港和规定的期限内，将货物装上买方指定的船只，并及时通知买方。货物在装船时越过船舷，风险即由卖方转移至买方。 成员图片(4张)FAS ( Free Alongside Ship ) .named port of shipmentFAS(Free Alongside Ship)是国际贸易术语之一，2000年国际贸易术语解释通则（INCOTERMS2000）对其规定如下：“船边交货（指定装运港）”是指卖方在指定的装运港将货物交到船边，即完成交货。买方必须承担自那时起货物灭失或损坏的一切风险。FCA ( Free Carrier ) .named placeFCA是国际贸易术语之一，2000年国际贸易术语解释通则（INCOTERMS 2000） free carrier“货交承运人对其规定如下：需要说明的是，交货地点的选择对于在该地点装货和卸货的义务会产生影响。若卖方在其所在地交货，则卖方应负责装货，若卖方在任何其他地点交货，卖方不负责卸货。 该术语可用于各种运输方式，包括多式联运。“承运人”指任何人在运输合同中，承诺通过铁路、公路、空运、海运、内河运输或上述运输的联合方式履行运输或由他人履行运输。 若买方指定承运人以外的人领取货物，则当卖方将货物交给此人时，即视为已履行了交货义务。CFR ( Cost and Freight ) .named port of destination在2000年通则中，明确规定CFR术语只能适用于海运和内河航运。如合同当事人不采用越过船舷交货，则应使用CPT术语。CIF ( Cost Insurance and Freight ) .named port of destinationCIF到岸价即成本、保险费加运费是指在目的港当货物越过船舷时卖方即完成交货。FOB、CFR和CIF三种术语的换算：1. FOB价换算为其他价CFR价=FOB价+国外运费CIF价=(FOB价+国外运费)/(1-投保加成保险费率) 2. CFR价换算为其他价FOB价=CFR价国外运费CIF价=CFR价/(1-投保加成保险费率) 3. CIF价换算为其他价FOB价=CIF价(1-投保加成保险费率)国外运费CFR价=C IF价(1-投保加成保险费率) 4.CFR计算报价1净价 CFR=FOB+F 2 含佣价 CFRC=CFR/(1-Rc)=FOB+F/(1-Rc）使用CFR注意点 1 租船，订舱责任 2 卸货费用的承担CPT ( Carriage Paid to ) .named place of destinationCIP ( Carriage and Insurance Paid to ) .named place of destinationEXW ( Ex Works ) .named placeDAF ( Delivered At Frontier ) .named placeDES ( Delivered Ex Ship ) .named port of destinationDDQ ( Delivered Ex Quay ) .named port of destinationDDU ( Delivered Duty Unpaid ) .named place of destinationDDP ( Delivered Duty Paid ) .named place of destinationFOB班轮条件（FOB Liner Terms）FOB吊钩下交货（FOB Under Tackle）FOB理舱费在内 （FOB Stowed）FOB平舱费在内（FOB Trimmed）CFR班轮条件（CFR Liner Terms）CFR卸至码头（CFR Landed）CFR吊钩下交易 （CER Ex Tackle）标的物( Subject Matter )“商品名称”或“品名”( Name of Commodity )商品的品质( Quality of Goods )看货买卖( sales by looking at goods )看样品买卖( sales by Sample )卖方样( Sellers Sample )买方样( Buyers Sample )对等样( Counter Sample )参考样( Referential Sample )FAQ良好平均品质( Fair Average Quality )商品的规格( Specification )等级( Grade )标准( Standard )精选( Selected )图样买卖( Sale by Illustrations )品质( Sales by Origin )公差条款( Quality Tolerance )机动幅度( Quality Latitude )重量( Weight )长度( Length )面积( Area )体积( Volume )容积( Capacity )公制( Metric System )英制( British System )美制( US System )国际单位制( International System of Unit )毛重( Gross Weight )净重( Net Weight )“以毛作净”( Gross for Net )公量( Conditioned Weight )理论重量( Theoretical Weight )法定重量( Legal Weight )净重( Net Weight )散装货( bulk cargo )裸装货( nude cargo )包装货( packed cargo )运输包装( Shipping Package )销售包装( Sale Package )中性包装( Neutral Package )条形码( Bar Code )运输标志( shipping Mark )指示性标志( Indicative Mark )警告性标志( Warning Mark )“按惯常方式包装”( Customary Packing )“适合海洋运输包装”( Sea Worthy Packing )“卖方习惯包装”( Seller Usual Packing )商品检验( Commodity Inspection )“到岸品质，离岸重量”( Shipping Quality and Weight )“离岸重量，到岸品质”( Landed Quality and Weight )检验证书( Inspection Certificate )全区卫生系统，特别是我院在医疗服务质量逐步提高的同时，业务工作量也正在逐年同步明显增长。老百姓有病大都能够走进医院并看得起病了，老百姓“看病难”的问题正在逐步得到解决，这是一个可喜的变化。several group number, then with b a, =c,c is is methyl b two vertical box between of accurate size. Per-23 measurement, such as proceeds of c values are equal and equal to the design value, then the vertical installation accurate. For example a, b, and c valueswhile on horizontal vertical errors for measurement, General in iron angle code bit at measurement level points grid errors, specific method is from baseline to methyl vertical box center line distance for a, to b vertical box distance for b, list can measured