How to make logical inference?,Reading Comprehension,There are three men on a train. Mr A speaks English and Chinese. Mr B speaks French and English. Mr C can only talk with Mr A. What language does Mr C speak?,Chinese.,types of inference,Inference based on certain details or facts Inference based on logical relationship of the context Inference based on the authors opinions or attitudes,1. We can infer(推断)from the passage that _ . 2.The story suggests(暗示)that _ . 3.We can conclude(得出结论)from the passage that _ . 4.Which of the following might happen later ? 5.From the passage we can tell / learn _ . 6.The writer of the passage considers it _ . 7. Which of the following indicates / implies_?,Question forms:,Key point:意思要靠推断得出，而不是从原文照搬,Type A Inference based on certain details or facts,Inference based on certain details or facts,Inference about data,EX(1) Family Railcard For 20 this railcard allows you to take a second adult and up to 4 children for only 3 each when you buy single or return tickets. You can travel as often as you like until the card becomes out of date.,Q: A man bought himself a ticket of 15 and three tickets for his family with a family railcard. How much did he pay? A.44 B.29 C.24 D.15,allows you to take a second adult and up to 4 children for only 3 each,15+3x3,2) Inference about details,Tokyo：Three snakes, whose poison could kill a person in ten minutes, are guarding a blue star sapphire（蓝宝石）worth nearly six hundred dollars at a Japanese exhibition of jewels sent from an Indian museum. “Normally it would be forbidden to let these poisonous snakes guard exhibition objects, but its different this time because the jewels are being exhibited at a hotel,” a police official said.,Q: The jewels was being shown in _ A. an Indian hotel B. an Indian museum C. a Japanese hotel D. a Japanese museum,Ex(2),Four passengers were killed and 39 others injured early Sunday after a bus traveling south on Beijing-Zhuhai Freeway broke through a guardrail and fell off a cliff.Traffic police in Shaoguan City, south Chinas Guangdong Province, said the bus carried 43 passengers. It set off from Nanyang, a city in central Chinas Henan Province, at 10 a.m. Saturday headed for Dongguan in Guangdong. All the passengers were residents from Zhenping County in Nanyang City. The accident happened around 3:46 a.m. Sunday when the driver attempted to avoid hitting an unidentified object in front of the bus. You can click the link and watch the video to know more about the accident.,Where is this passage taken from? Newspaper B. Magazine C. Website D. TV news,Ex (3),3) Inference about facts,Ex(4) SUNDAY, November 14 DISCO Satin Sounds Disco, free at The Lord Napier, Mort Lake High Street, from 8 a. m. to 8 p. m. FOLK MUSIC at The Derby Arms. The Short Stuff and residents the Norman Chop Trio. Non-remembers 70p. Tel: 6884626. HEAVY MUSIC with Tony Simon at The Bull, Upper Richmond Road West, East Sheen. THE DERBY ARMS, Upper Richmond Road West, give you Joe on the electric accordion.,Q: You want to spend the same day at two different places and dont want to cross any street. Which of the following is your best choice? A. The sing-along at the Black Horse and Jazz at The Bulls Head. B. The sing-along at The Black Horse and Folk Music at The Derby Arms. C. Folk Music at The Derby Arms and Heavy Music with Tony Simon at The Bull. D. Musical Hal lat The Star Garter and Disco at The Lord Napier.,Humans have a very varied diet. We often eat food because we like it and not because it is good for us. In countries such as France and Britain, people eat foods with too much sugar. This makes them overweight, which is bad for their health. Eating too much red meat and animal products, such as butter, can also be bad for the health. Choosing the right food, therefore, has become an area of study in modem life.,Q: We can learn from the paragraph that_. food is chosen for a good reason B. French and British food is good C. some people have few choices of food D. some people care little about healthy diet,Ex(5),Discussion:,The best method for solving problems in type A is_,全文搜索 细查勿漏 准确理解 简单计算 依据事实 理清关系,Type B Inference based on logical relationship of the context,Inference based on logical relationship of the context,因果关系：for, since, because of, that is why, so, therefore 对比关系: whereas, unlike, instead, otherwise however, nevertheless, on the contrary 让步关系：although, even though, despite, after all 概括关系：finally, generally, in a word, in conclusion, in short 强调关系：indeed, above all, surely, most important 补充说明关系：in fact, as a matter of fact, in addition, in this case, furthermore,注意信息词-航标灯,例（1）利用句子之间承接与转换关系推断,Now and again I have had horrible dreams, but not enough of them make me lose my delight in dreams. .Most people do not seem to accept dreaming as part of their lives. They appear to see it as an annoying little habit, like sneezing (打喷嚏)