第三部分 语法专题突破 第六讲 并列句和状语从句,目 录,用适当的连词填空 1Mum turned down my suggestion Dad spoke in favor of my idea. 2Will you go to Marys birthday party? No. invited, I cant go. Ill be too busy then. 3Do you think the weather will be all right this summer? No, were lucky. The newspaper says itll be very hot anyway.,while,Even if,unless,4The chief reason for the population growth isnt so much a rise in birth rates a fall in death rates as a result of improvements in medical care. 5Ten minutes earlier, we could have caught the early bus. 6You have failed two tests. Youd better start working harder, you wont pass the course. 7Tom often has to be called several times he comes downstairs for dinner. 8 I failed in English a third time, I had no doubt about my gift for foreign languages.,but,and,or,before,Until,1表并列关系：and, not only .but (also) ., neither, nor, neither . nor .等词连接的并列句，在意义上主要对前一句子作补充或引申，包括肯定和否定两方面的意义。 Think it over, and youll find a way out. 仔细考虑，你将发现一条出路。 Not only is he himself interested in the subject, but also his students began to show interest in it. 不仅他自己对这个科目感兴趣，他的学生也开始显示出兴趣。,并列句,2表选择关系：or, either .or .连接并列句表示选择意义。 Dont drive so fast or/otherwise youll have an accident. 不要开那么快，否则你会出事的。 3表转折关系：常用的有but, yet, while等。 Some men are rich, while others are poor. 一些人很富有但其他人很贫穷。 4表因果关系：常用的有so, for。 It must have rained last night for it is wet all over. 昨晚一定下雨了，到处都这么湿。,5when也可用作并列连词，其意义为“这时，那时”，相当 于and at this/that time。常用于下列句式： sb. was doing sth. when . sb. was about to do/going to do/on the point of doing sth. when . sb. had just done sth. when . We were having a meeting when someone broke in. 我们正在开会，这时突然有人闯了进来。 We were about to set off when it suddenly began to rain. 我们正打算动身，突然下起了雨。,时间状语从句,1表示“一就”的词或短语引导的时间状语从句 这些词或短语常见的有：as soon as, the moment/minute /instant, immediately/directly/instantly, hardly/scarcely .when, no sooner .than等。 You must show the gentleman in immediately he comes. 这位绅士一来，你必须立即领他进来。 The moment I heard the voice, I knew father was coming. 我一听到那个声音，我就知道父亲来了。,I had hardly answered the teachers question when he interrupted me. 我还没来得及回答老师的问题，他就打断了我的话。 2every time, each time, next time, the first time, anytime 等名词词组引导的时间状语从句，表示“每当，每次，下次”。 Every time I catch a cold, I have pains in my back. 我每次感冒背就痛。 The last time she saw James, he was lying in bed. 她最后一次看到詹姆士时，他躺在床上。,3before引导的时间状语从句 (1)before表示“还未就；不到就；才 ；还没来得及就”。 The girl had hardly rung the bell before the door was opened suddenly, and her friend rushed out to greet her. 小女孩还没来得及按门铃，门就突然开了，并且她的朋友冲出来问候她。 Please write it down before you forget it. 趁你现在没忘把它记下来。,(2)It will be一段时间before . “多久之后才”。 John thinks it wont be long before he is ready for his new job. 约翰认为他不久就会为新工作做好准备了。 (3)since引导的时间状语从句 since的常用句型：It is (has been)/was一段时间since(从句用一般过去时/过去完成时) Its three years since the war broke out. 自战争爆发以来有三年了。,4until/till引导的时间状语从句 主句为肯定句时，谓语用延续性动词；主句为否定句时，谓语用非延续性动词。 We wont start our discussion until/till he comes. 我们要等到他来了再开始我们的讨论。,地点状语从句,1通常由连词where和wherever引导，从句可位于主句之前， 也可位于主句之后。 The little girl who got lost decided to remain where she was and wait for her mother. 这个迷路的小女孩决定待在原地等她妈妈。 Today, we will begin where we stopped yesterday so that no point will be left out. 今天我们将在昨天停止的地方开始，为的是不漏掉知识点。,2地点状语从句在句首时常兼有抽象条件意味。 Where theres a will, theres a way. 有志者事竟成。 Where(ver) theres plenty of sun and rain, the fields are green. 哪里阳光雨水充足，哪里的田野就绿油油。,3where引导的状语从句和定语从句的区别： where引导地点状语从句直接修饰动词，而在定语从句中where作为关系副词要跟在表示地点的先行词后面。 When solving the problem a second time, youd better be more careful where you made a mistake. When solving the problem a second time, youd better be more careful in the place where you made a mistake. 当你第二次解决这个问题的时候，你要在出过差错的地方更加小心。,条件状语从句,1通常由if, unless，as (so) long as，in case (that)，once 等 连词引导。 Unless children believe they can succeed, they will never become totally independent. 除非孩子们相信他们能够成功，否则他们将永远无法完全独立。 Once they decide which college to go to, students should research the admission procedures. 学生一旦决定上哪所大学，他们就应该了解一下入学手续。,2由on condition (that); provided (that); providing(that); supposing (that)等引导的条件状语从句。 You can go swimming on condition that you dont go too far from the river bank. 只有不离河岸太远你才能下去游泳。 Supposing an earthquake happens, what should we do? 假设地震发生，我们该怎么办？,让步状语从句,1让步状语从句可由although, though, as, while, even if (though), whever, whether . or ., no matter who (when, what .)等引导。 Although regular exercise is very important, its never a good idea to exercise too close to bedtime. 尽管有规律的锻炼是很重要的，但是在临近就寝的时候进行锻炼绝不是一个好主意。 However serious a problem you may have, you should gather your courage to face the challenge. 不论你的问题有多严重，你都应该鼓起勇气，接受挑战。,The engineers are so busy that they have zero time for outdoor sports activities, even if they have the interest. 工程师们很忙，即使他们对户外活动感兴趣，他们也没有时间。 2while作“尽管”讲，引导让步状语从句时，往往放在句首。 While the Internet is of great help, I dont think its a good idea to spend too much time on it. 尽管因特网对我们有很大