连词用法并列连词和连词短语 并列连词用来连接平行的词、词组或从句 but 1. 连接词或短语He drives not carefully but slowly. 2. 连接句子This isnt a good one but it will answer. 3. 用于句首But what else can we do? 4. 用于道歉的表达之后Sorry, but were behind schedule 5. 用于notbut，表示“不是而是“Not you but I am to blame. 6. 用在某些否定语后，表示“只“She knows no one but you 7. 用于next (last) but one 中，表示“隔壁再过去“倒数第“He lives in the next house but one. 他住在隔壁再过去一家 8. cant help but 不由得不You cant help but respect them 9.although不能与连词but搭配使用 10.but 与 however的用法区别:两者均可表示转折或对比，意为“但是,可是,然而等， 但有区别: 1. 表示转折时，but 是连词 2. however 表示“然而“,“可是”时，能位于句首，而且能位于句中(注意前后 使用逗号)，甚至句末(注意其前也用逗号)。如：Later, however, he changed his mind/He hasnt arrived. He may, however, come later/ He said that it was so; he was mistaken, however 注意：以上各例中的 however 不能换成 but，但可用 but 来改写。如： He said that it was so, but he was mistaken 3.当however连接两个句子时，其前通常应用分号，或另起新句即用句号，如： Its raining hard; however, I think we should go out. / Its raining hard. However, I think we should go out. 注意：上例中的 however 不能换成 but，但可用 but 来改写 (注意所用标点的变化)。如： Its raining hard, but I think we should go out yet 1.yet用作连词时，与but一样也主要用于转折，意为“但是“而“： I have failed, yet I shall try again. 2.有时用在句首。如：Yet the house was cheerful 3.yet有时可与并列连词and或but连用，构成习语and yet和but yet，意为“虽然如 此“可是“然而“，与单独使用的yet意思相同。如：Hes not really nice-looking, and yet he has enormous charm 4.根据英语习惯，although不能与连词but搭配使用，但是although可以与yet搭配 连用（此时的yet可视为副词）.如：Although we are poor, yet we are happy while 1.表示时间的用法，为“当的时候“We must strike while the iron is hot 2.表示让步的用法，其意为“尽管“虽然”如：While the work was difficult, it was interesting 3.表示对比的用法，其意为“而“但“，注意：这样用时，while引出的句子有时也可位 于句首。如：While most children learn to read easily, some need extra help./most children learn to read easily, whilesome need extra help 4.省略用法，即主句与从句主语相同，且从句谓语动词含有动词be时，通常可省略从 句主语和动词be。如： While (he was) in prison, she wrote her first novel or 1. 有 “或“的意思，表示一种选择 Would you like tea or water ? 2.表示一种否定的条件，意为“否则“：Dress warmly, or else youll catch cold 3.可表示“要不就是“：The book must be here, or else youve lost it 4.用于否定句中代替and,He was not clever or good-looking for 1.for引导的从句不能位于它所解释的动词之前：Because it was wet he took a taxi（这里不能用for） 2.for引导的从句不能位于not, but或任何连词之后：He stole, not because he wanted the money but because he liked stealing. （这里不能用for） 3.for引导的从句不能用于回答问题： Why did you do it? I did it because l was angry.(这里不能用for） 4.注意：之所以有这些用法上的限定，其理由是for引导的从句不能直接说明某一特定 动作发生的原因，而只能提供一些起帮助解释作用的附加说明。例如：The days were short, for it was now December. 天短了，现在已是12月了. so 1.so用作连词，主要用于表结果，意为“所以”： 2.有时可与并列连词and连用，构成习语and so(相当so)：He worked hard and so he succeeded. 他勤奋工作，所以他取得了成功。 and 1. 基本义为和,又等， 它有时还可表示对比或转折，相当于汉语的“而“但“却“.如：Shes a bank manager and Im just a road-sweeper 2. 有时用于连接两个相同的词语 (1) 连接两个相同的比较级，表示“越来越“The weather is getting colder and colder (2) 连接两个相同的动词，表示动作的反复或连续:He coughed and coughed. (3) 连接两个相同的副词，也表示动作的反复或连续. He kept moaning on and on (4) 连接两个相同的名词 表示“许多”They talked for hours and hours 强调差别，意为“与不同”Dont worry there are rules and rules. 别担心规则跟规则不一样 3. 在come和go以动词原形出现时 (1)其后习惯上不跟不定式表示目的，而是用“and+动词原形”表示目的。如：I must go and help my mother. (2)但是，如果go和come不是以动词原形出现，而是以过去式、过去分词、现在 分词、动名词等方式出现，则其后应不定式表示目的。如： Ive come to collect my book. 我来取我的书。 (3)另外，在come, go 之后的 and 有时可以省略（尤其在美国英语中）。如： Ill come (and) see you later 4.用在祈使句后 (1)表示结果，意为“那么“(暗示一种条件)。如：Work hard and youll pass the examinations (2)有时也可以不是用于祈使句后表示结果。如：One more step and I will fire. 你再动一步，我就要开枪了 5. 用在 good, nice, fine 等之后，表示“很“挺“ I wont go until Im good and ready 6.某些用 and 连接的两个词，与汉语顺序相反 rich and poor 贫富 land and water水陆 right and left 左右 north and south 南北food and drink 饮食 food and clothing衣食 both 1).both “两者都”, 后面的名词、动词都用复数 2).both of . Both of us are students 3).both and Both you and she are right either/ either or 1).either “两者当中任何一个“,后有of 时接名词的复数形式，无of时接单数名词，动 词用单数形式 You may wear either of the hats. 2).either or “不是就是“或者 或者.“动词与临近的主语保持一致。即 “就近原则“ Either you or he has to go = Either he or you have to go 3)eitheror的否定式可以是not eitheror，也可以是neithernor.。如：He didnt either write or phone.=He neither wrote nor phoned. 他既没写信又没打 电话 neither /neither nor 1).neither “两者当中都不“,后有of 时接名词的复数形式，无of时接单数名词，动词用 单数形式 Neither of the answers are right . 2).neither .nor “既不.也不”动词与临近的主语保持一致。即 “就近原则“. Neither you nor I am right .= Neither I nor you are right not onlybut also 1.not onlybut also表示“不但而且”用于连接两个性质相同的词或短语。如： Not only men but also women were chosen. 不仅仅是男的，女的也有被选中的 2. 该结构中的also有时可以省略，或将also换成too, as well（置于句末）。如： Not only is he funny, but he is witty too as well. 他不但风趣，而且也很机智。 3. 当not onlybut also连接两个主语时，谓语动词的数原则上与其相近的主语保持 一致。如： Not only the students but also their teacher is enjoying the film 4. 为了强调，可将not only置于句首，此时其后的句子通常要用部分倒装的形式。 如： Not only has she been late three times, she has also done no work.