太原理工大学 硕士学位论文 磁性磨粒光整加工的模拟分析与实验研究 姓名：赵强 申请学位级别：硕士 专业：机械制造及其自动化 指导教师：陈红玲 20100501 太原理工大学硕士研究生学位论文 I 磁性磨粒光整加工的模拟分析与实验研究 磁性磨粒光整加工的模拟分析与实验研究 摘 要 置入磁场的磁性磨粒，会被磁场磁化，并沿着磁力线的方向排列，构 成磨粒串，无数磨粒串密集成“磁刷” ， “磁刷”具有一定的柔性和刚性， 大小与磁场强度有关，磁性磨粒光整加工技术就是利用了这一特点，由磨 粒刷的刚性作为切削力，磨粒刷的柔性来适应不同形状的零件表面，进而 实现对各种内外表面的光整加工。 磁性磨粒光整加工技术是一种先进的研磨光整技术，根据研磨工艺的 特点，其加工质量与工件材质、前一道工序的表面质量、加工时间等因素 有关。影响磁性磨粒光整加工技术的因素主要来自两个方面：设备和磨粒。 属于设备对磁性磨粒光整加工效果的影响因素有：磁路、电磁场强度、磁 极头形状、加工间隙、磁极与工件之间的振幅等。属于磨粒对加工效果影 响的因素有：磨料的导磁率、粒度、配比、磨料的填充量等参数。 本论文深入细致的研究了磁性磨粒光整加工技术的加工机理，技术特 点等，以粘结型磁性磨粒为例，利用实验的手段研究了粘结型磨料的松装 密度、磁导率等的各项参数的变化规律，以及对加工质量的影响规律。然 后利用先进的 CAE 软件 ANSYS， 对目前的实验设备上的磁路进行了改进， 并且深入细致的分析了影响磁性磨粒光整加工加工效果的各项因素的变化 规律。主要研究内容有： 1.基于 ANSYS 仿真计算平台，对原磁性磨粒光整加工设备上的磁路系 统进行建模分析，找出磁路的设计缺陷，并提出改进方案。 太原理工大学硕士研究生学位论文 II 2.基于 ANSYS 仿真计算平台， 模拟分析了磁极头的形状对加工效果的 影响，以及在磁极头上开槽对加工区域磁场强度的影响规律。 3.基于 ANSYS 仿真计算平台， 分析了不同磁导率的工件对加工区域磁 场强度影响的规律，为具体实验提供选择合理参数理论依据。 4.分析了以直流电磁线圈为供能设备的磁路的特点， 并根据实验需要设 计出相关磁路，利用 ANSYS 仿真技术，分析了电流的大小以及加工区域 的间隙对加工区域磁场强度分布影响的规律。 5.对非导磁性圆柱套筒工件，设计了一种用导磁性材料改变磁场分布， 改善加工区域磁场分布的方法，并利用 ANSYS 对此设计进行验证。 本文结合了具体的实验和计算机仿真技术，利用这两种手段从各个角 度分析了磁性磨粒光整加工技术的加工机理，以及各项工艺参数对加工效 果的影响规律。利用经验数据和数字模拟，改进了磁性磨粒光整加工设备 的磁路系统。此次研究兼具了具体实验的真实可靠性和计算机仿真的模拟 的准确性。 以上所述的实验和模拟仿真，旨在深入研究磁性磨粒光整加工技术， 并将之完善，提高光整加工的水平，使其早日在生产中绽放其独特魅力。 关键词关键词：磁性磨粒，光整加工，磁路设计，磁极头，参数规律 太原理工大学硕士研究生学位论文 III SIMULATION AND EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON MAGNETIC ABRASIVE FINISHING ABSTRACT The magnetic abrasive which is put into the magnetic field would be magnetized by magnetic field, then arrange along the direction of magnetic induction lines. Multi beams of abrasive string influx into a brush with a certain degree of flexibility and rigidity. Its magnitude is related with the intensity of magnetic field. By using this feature, Magnetic Abrasive Finishing Technology is a new technology that achieves the work-pieces grinding processing by using the rigidity of abrasive brushes as cutting force. It enhances the adaptability to the work-pieces surface by using its flexibility. Magnetic Abrasive Finishing Technology is an advanced abrasive finishing technique, based on the characteristics of finishing process, its finishing result is related to work-pieces material, the former process of surface quality, finishing time and other factors. The factors that influencing processing results mainly comes into two points: the equipment and the abrasive. The factors belongs to equipments are magnetic circuit, the strength of electromagnetic field, the shape of magnetic pole head, the machining gap, the amplitude of the relative vibration between the magnetic pole and work-piece, etc. The factors that belong to abrasive are the permeability of 太原理工大学硕士研究生学位论文 IV abrasive, grain size, materials matching ratio, the amount of the Abrasive and etc. In this paper, it studies the processing mechanism and the technical characteristics of the Magnetic Abrasive Finishing Technology in-depth and detailed. Take the cementing magnetic abrasive as an example, and detected the variation trend of the cementing magnetic abrasives density, magnetic permeability and other factors. And how those factors worked in the grinding process also be researched. Based on the current experimental equipments electromagnetic circuit, this paper provide an ideal model by using an advanced CAE software which named ANSYS, this model is aimed to find out the factors which can influent the distributing of magnetic filed, and how those factors worked. Main research contents include: 1. Based on ANSYS simulation platform, analyzed the relationship between the shape of magnetic poles and the distribution of the magnetic field, it will provide some reference to following experiments. 2. Based on ANSYS simulation platform, analyzed the magnetic field distribution when work-pieces permeability changed. 3. The characteristics of DC electromagnet also be researched in this paper. Under the necessity of experiment, an ideal circuit was designed, and analyzed what the magnetic field will be when the value of current and the gap between work-piece and magnetic pole changed. 太原理工大学硕士研究生学位论文 V 4. Find out a new way to finish the Non-Magnetic Materials, but the shape of the work-piece must be a hollow cylinder. put an guide cylinder into the hole of the work-piece, then the magnetic field will redistribute and enhanced, ANSYS provide evidence to prove this ways rationality. In this paper, we use both specific experiments and computer simulation technology, analyzed the Processing mechanism of MAF, and find out the rule of how the process parameter influence the finishing result. then we improved the magnetic circuit. This study combines the authenticity of specific experiments and the simulations accuracy of computer simulation. All works aimed to advance the Magnetic Abrasive Finishing Technology. Hope it will be used in the production life as soon as possible. KEYWORDS: magnetic abrasive, finishing, magnetic circuit design, magnetic head, the parameter rule 太原理工大学硕士研究生学位论文 1 引 言 引 言 在科学日益发展的今天，人们对于生产中各种参数的