1901年埃米尔阿道夫冯贝林德意志帝国“对血清疗法的研究，特别是在治疗白喉应用上的贡献，由此开辟了医学领域研究的新途径，也因此使得医生手中有了对抗疾病和死亡的有力武器”for his work on serum therapy, especially its application against diphtheria, by which he has opened a new road in the domain of medical science and thereby placed in the hands of the physician a victorious weapon against illness and deaths61902年罗纳德罗斯英国“在疟疾研究上的工作，由此显示了疟疾如何进入生物体，也因此为成功地研究这一疾病以及对抗这一疾病的方法奠定了基础”for his work on malaria, by which he has shown how it enters the organism and thereby has laid the foundation for successful research on this disease and methods of combating it71903年尼尔斯吕贝里芬森丹麦“在用集中的光辐射治疗疾病，特别是寻常狼疮方面的贡献，由此开辟了医学研究的新途径”for his contribution to the treatment of diseases, especiallylupus vulgaris, with concentrated light radiation, whereby he has opened a new avenue for medical science81904年伊万巴甫洛夫俄罗斯“在消化的生理学研究上的工作，这一主题的重要方面的知识由此被转化和扩增”in recognition of his work on the physiology of digestion, through which knowledge on vital aspects of the subject has been transformed and enlarged91905年罗伯柯霍德意志帝国“对结核病的相关研究和发现”for his investigations and discoveries in relation to tuberculosis101906年卡米洛高尔基意大利王国“在神经系统结构研究上的工作”in recognition of their work on the structure of the nervous system11圣地亚哥拉蒙-卡哈尔西班牙1907年夏尔路易阿方斯拉韦朗法国“对原生动物在致病中的作用的研究”in recognition of his work on the role played by protozoa in causing diseases121908年伊拉伊里奇梅契尼科夫俄罗斯“在免疫性研究上的工作”in recognition of their work on immunity13保罗埃尔利希德意志帝国1909年埃米尔特奥多尔科赫尔瑞士“对甲状腺的生理学、病理学以及外科学上的研究”for his work on the physiology, pathology and surgery of the thyroid gland141910年阿尔布雷希特科塞尔德意志帝国“通过对包括细胞核物质在内的蛋白质的研究，为了解细胞化学做出的贡献”in recognition of the contributions to our knowledge of cell chemistry made through his work on proteins, including the nucleic substances151911年阿尔瓦古尔斯特兰德瑞典“在眼睛屈光学研究上的工作”for his work on the dioptrics of the eye161912年亚历克西卡雷尔法国“在血管结构以及血管和器官移植研究上的工作”for his work on vascular suture and the transplantation of blood vessels and organs171913年夏尔罗贝尔里歇法国“在过敏反应研究上的工作”for his work on anaphylaxis181914年罗伯特巴拉尼奥地利“在前庭器官的生理学与病理学研究上的工作”for his work on the physiology and pathology of the vestibular apparatus191915年未颁奖1916年1917年1918年1919年朱尔博尔代比利时“免疫性方面的发现”for his discoveries relating to immunity201920年奥古斯特克罗丹麦“发现毛细血管运动的调节机理”for his discovery of the capillary motor regulating mechanism211921年未颁奖1922年阿奇博尔德希尔英国“在肌肉产生热量上的发现”for his discovery relating to the production of heat in the muscle22奥托迈尔霍夫德意志帝国“发现肌肉中氧的消耗和乳酸代谢之间的固定关系”for his discovery of the fixed relationship between the consumption of oxygen and the metabolism of lactic acid in the muscle221923年弗雷德里克格兰特班廷加拿大“发现胰岛素”for the discovery of insulin23约翰麦克劳德加拿大1924年威廉埃因托芬荷兰“发明心电图装置”for the discovery of the mechanism of the electrocardiogram241925年未颁奖1926年约翰尼斯菲比格丹麦“发现鼠癌”for his discovery of theSpiroptera carcinoma251927年朱利叶斯瓦格纳-尧雷格奥地利“发现在治疗麻痹性痴呆过程中疟疾接种疗法的治疗价值”for his discovery of the therapeutic value of malaria inoculation in the treatment of dementia paralytica261928年查尔斯尼柯尔法国“在斑疹伤寒研究上的工作”for his work on typhus271929年克里斯蒂安艾克曼荷兰“发现抗神经炎的维生素”for his discovery of the antineuritic vitamin28弗雷德里克霍普金斯爵士英国“发现刺激生长的维生素”for his discovery of the growth-stimulating vitamin281930年卡尔兰德施泰纳奥地利“发现人类的血型”for his discovery of human blood groups291931年奥托海因里希瓦尔堡德意志帝国“发现呼吸酶的性质和作用方式”for his discovery of the nature and mode of action of the respiratory enzyme301932年查尔斯斯科特谢灵顿爵士英国“发现神经元的相关功能”for their discoveries regarding the functions of neurons31埃德加阿德里安英国1933年托马斯亨特摩尔根美国“发现遗传中染色体所起的作用”for his discoveries concerning the role played by the chromosome in heredity321934年乔治惠普尔美国“发现贫血的肝脏治疗法”for their discoveries concerning liver therapy in cases of anaemia33乔治迈诺特美国威廉莫菲美国1935年汉斯斯佩曼德意志帝国“发现胚胎发育中的组织者（胚胎发育中起中心作用的胚胎区域）效应”for his discovery of the organizer effect in embryonic development341936年亨利哈利特戴尔爵士英国“神经冲动的化学传递的相关发现”for their discoveries relating to chemical transmission of nerve impulses35奥托勒维奥地利1937年圣捷尔吉阿尔伯特匈牙利“与生物燃烧过程有关的发现，特别是关于维生素C和延胡索酸的催化作用”for his discoveries in connection with the biological combustion processes, with special reference to vitamin C and the catalysis of fumaric acid361938年海门斯比利时“发现窦和主动脉机制在呼吸调节中所起的作用”for the discovery of the role played by the sinus and aortic mechanisms in the regulation of respiration371939年格哈德多马克德意志帝国“发现百浪多息（一种磺胺类药物）的抗菌效果”for the discovery of the antibacterial effects of prontosil381940年未颁奖1941年1942年1943年亨利克达姆丹麦