Direct speech & Indirect speech,Direct Speech and Indirect Speech,引语的概念,直接引述别人的原话，叫 _;,直接引语,用自己的话把别人的话陈述出来，叫 _。,间接引语,直接引语通常都用_括起来，,引号“ ”,间接引语在多数情况下都构成一个 _。,宾语从句,Direct Speech,Indirect Speech,She said, “I like singing. ” She said, “I am waiting for a bus.” She said, “I visited Europe last year.”,She said she liked singing.,She said she was waiting for a bus.,She said she had visited Europe the year before.,直接引语是陈述句,变为间接引语时用连词that引导宾语从句.从句中的人称、时态、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语 等相应变化.,、人称的变化,一 随 主,二随宾,第三 人称 不变,引号内的第一人 称变间接引后与主 句主语的人称保 持一致,引号内的第二人 称变间引后与主 句宾语的人称保 持一致,引号内的第三人 称在变间引后人 称不变,She said,“ I like Tennis.”,She said that she liked tennis.,He said to Lily, “ you must get up early.”,He told Lily that she must get up early.,She said to me , “ They want to help him.”,She told me that they wanted to help him.,一随主，二随宾，第三人称不更新,直接引语,间接引语,一般现在时,一般过去时,现在进行时,过去进行时,一般过去时,过去完成时,现在完成时,过去完成时,一般将来时,过去将来时,The teacher said,“The sun is bigger than the earth.”,The teacher said that the sun is bigger than the earth.,注: 直引若是客观真理,变为间引时,时态不变.,时态变化,2,直接引语,间接引语,指示代词,时 间 状 语,地点状语,方向性动词,this, these,that, those,now,then,today,that day,this week,that week,yesterday,the day before,last week,the week before,tomorrow,the next/following day,next month,the next/ following month,here,there,come, bring,go, take,情态动词,can, may, must,could,might,had to,Direct Speech,Indirect Speech,She asked, “Have you seen the film?”,She asked me whetherif I had seen the film.,He asked, “Are you a doctor, John?”,He asked John ifwhether he was a doctor.,She asked us, “Where are you going to get off?”,She asked us where we were going to get off.,He asked them, “Who gave you a talk yesterday?”,He asked them who had given them a talk the day before.,直接引语是疑问句，变间接引语时，要从疑问语序变为陈述语序。 直接引语是一般疑问句,变为间接引语时,用连词 if 或 whether 连接。 直接引语是特殊疑问句,变为间接引语时,仍用原来的疑问词作连词来引导。,Direct Speech,Indirect Speech,The policeman ordered us to be quiet.,The policeman ordered:“Be quiet.”,The teacher told the boy to open the window,The teacher said to the boy ,”Open the window .”,直接引语是祈使句，变成间接引语，把动词原形变成动词不定式，并在动词不定前加tell, ask, order , advise等动词的宾语。 注意：否定句，在动词不定式前加not或never.,解题步骤:,1.陈述句,“I dont like computers,” Sandy said to her friends.,Sandy said to her friends,that,said,didnt,she,Sandy said to her friends that she didnt like computers.,2.一般疑问句: Is it easy to work out the problem? ( They asked him ),They asked him,if,It is easy to work out the problem.,it is easy to work out the problem.,asked,is,was,They asked him if it was easy to work out the problem.,3.特殊疑问句： When do you harvest the wheat ? ( They asked him ),They asked him,when,you harvest the wheat,you harvest the wheat.,he,harvested,They asked him when he harvested the wheat.,4.祈使句 Little boy, put on your coat. (They ordered ),They ordered,Little boy,Little boy, put on your coat.,put on your coat.,to put,They ordered the little boy to put on his coat.,his,1. Jack said to me, “You look worried today.” Jack told me that _ worried _. A. he lookstoday B. you looktoday C. we lookedthat day D. I lookedthat day,Exercise II,2. We said to her, “Theyre walking through the street now.” We told her that _ through the street _. A. we were walkingthen B. you are walkingnow C .they were walkingthen D. they walkingnow,3. Mr Black said, “I have walked a long way this week.” Mr Black said that _ a long way _. A. I had walkedlast week B. he had walkedthat week C. I walkedlast week D. he has walkedthis week,4. The man thought, “I shall take it back tomorrow.” The man thought that _ take it back _. A. I shalltomorrow B. I shallthe next day C. he shouldtomorrow D. he wouldthe next day,5. They said to us, “Are you afraid to leave this house?” They asked us _ afraid to leave _ house. A. that were wethis B. that we werethat C. if were we this D. if we werethat,6. Jane said, “What did he hear about a week ago?” Jane asked _ about _. A. that he hearda week ago B. what he had heardthe week before C. what he had herd a week ago D. if he heardthe week ago,7. She asked, “Whose house will he break into next time ?” She asked whose house _ break into _. A. will henext time B. would hethe next time C. he wouldthe next time D. he willnext time,