非谓语动词A(2018课标全国卷)Diets have changed in Chinaand so too has its top crop.Since 2011，the country _1_(grow) more corn than rice.Corn production has jumped nearly 125 percent over _2_ past 25 years，while rice has increased only 7 percent.A taste for meat is _3_(actual) behind the change：An important part of its corn is used to feed chickens，pigs，and cattle.Another reason for corns rise：The government encourages farmers to grow corn instead of rice _4_(improve) water quality.Corn uses less water _5_ rice and creates less fertilizer(化肥) run off.This switch has decreased _6_(pollute) in the countrys major lakes and reservoirs and made drinking water safer for people.According to the World Bank，China accounts for about 30 percent of total _7_(globe) fertilizer consumption.The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that between 2005when the government _8_(start) a soiltesting program _9_ gives specific fertilizer recommendations to farmersand 2011，fertilizer use dropped by 7.7 million tons.That prevented the emission(排放) of 51.8 million tons of carbon dioxide.Chinas approach to protecting its environment while _10_(feed) its citizens “offers useful lessons for agriculture and food policymakers worldwide，”says the banks Juergen Voegele.答案：【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。中国近年来根据人们的膳食变化调整农作物种植结构，为全球生态环境保护作出了贡献。1has grown解析：考查时态和主谓一致。由时间状语Since 2011可知用现在完成时，主语the country是第三人称单数，故谓语动词用has grown。2the解析：考查固定搭配中的定冠词。over the past 25 years在过去的25年里。3actually解析：考查词性转换。修饰be behind the change用形容词actual的副词形式actually。4to improve解析：考查非谓语动词之动词不定式。此处表示目的，故用不定式作目的状语。5than解析：考查介词。由句中的比较级less可知，此处将玉米和水稻进行比较，故填than。6pollution解析：考查词性转换。decrease“降低，减少”，后接名词作宾语，pollute的名词形式是pollution。7global解析：考查词性转换。修饰名词短语fertilizer consumption应用形容词，名词globe的形容词形式是global。8started解析：考查时态。由2005可知事情发生在过去，应用一般过去时，故谓语动词用start的过去式started。9that/which解析：考查引导定语从句的关系代词。分析句子结构可知，所填词引导定语从句，修饰指物的a soiltesting program且在从句中作主语，故用that或which。10feeding解析：考查非谓语动词。China与feed是主动关系，所以用“连词现在分词”形式作状语。B(2018课标全国卷)Im not sure _1_ is more frightened，me or the female gorilla(大猩猩) that suddenly appears out of nowhere.Im walking on a path in the forest in the Central African Republic.Unexpectedly，Im facetoface with the gorilla，who begins screaming at _2_ top of her lungs.That makes her baby scream，and then a 400pound male appears.He screams the _3_(loud) of all.The noise shakes the trees as the male beats his chest and charges toward me.I quickly lower myself，ducking my head to avoid _4_(look) directly into his eyes so he doesnt feel _5_(challenge)My name is Mireya Mayor.Im a _6_(science) who studies animals such as apes and monkeys.I was searching _7_ these three western lowland gorillas Id been observing.No one had seen them for hours，and my colleagues and I were worried.When the gorillas and I frightened each other，I was just glad to find _8_(they) alive.True to a gorillas unaggressive nature，the huge animal _9_(mean) me no real harm.He was just saying：“Im king of this forest，and here is your reminder！” Once his message was delivered，he allowed me _10_(stay) and watch.答案：【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。作者和大猩猩突然面对面接触，谁更害怕呢？1who解析：考查从属连词。句意：我不确定我和突然不知从哪里冒出来的雌猩猩谁更害怕。此处为宾语从句，分析句子可知设空处作主语，应用who引导。2the解析：考查冠词。at the top of 在的顶部，为固定搭配。3loudest解析：考查副词的比较等级。由空前的the以及空后的all可知要用最高级。4looking解析：考查非谓语动词。avoid doing sth.避免做某事。avoid后面可以接动名词作宾语，不能接不定式作宾语。5challenged解析：考查词性转换。连系动词feel后要接形容词作表语。challenged adj.受到挑战的；challenging adj.困难的，富有挑战性的。由语境可知，填challenged。6scientist解析：考查词性转换。由空后的who可知，定语从句的先行词是表示人的名词。7for解析：考查介词之固定搭配。search for 寻找，为固定搭配。8them解析：考查代词。分析句子结构可知，此处要用代词作find的宾语，故要用人称代词的宾格。they的宾格为them。9meant解析：考查时态。由语境可知，此处事情发生在过去，要用一般过去时态。10to stay解析：考查非谓语动词。allow sb.to do sth.允许某人做某事，为固定搭配。C(2018高考考前适应性考试)Youth seems to be fading away in my life, only leaving me some unforgettable _1_ (memory). Things that we believed would last forever had _2_ (actual) gone in a second before we realized it. Those who we used to deeply love have now become strangers. Our once pure and beautiful dream is gradually fading away with time passing by. This is youth，_3_ is indeed an endless cycle from familiarity to strangeness and from strangeness to familiarity.Human is such a strange animal that we mostly ignore something _4_ we lose it. We _5_ (gain) a lot of things, but also we have lost a lot. We are in great effort in changing our fate and bringing more happiness to people around us. However, we soon realize it is difficult _6_(achieve) any of them. It is a lifelong promise. Many things would change with time and no one can guarantee eternity(永恒). So, silence becomes the best _7_(solve) to all difficulties and hardships.The flying youth has deposited(沉积) too many things in our heart. Life should _8_ (treat) with special care. We should treasure every moment of sincerity and gratefulness because _9_ best things will be gone very easily. If you do not want