甘肃省,英语,第47讲 书面表达,书面表达。(2015，兰州) 同学们，在刚才的阅读中我们了解到一些有关西方饮食文化的有趣知识。现在某国外旅游杂志向你约稿，请你以When_in_China,_do_as_the_Chinese_do！为题写一篇文章，向西方读者介绍我们中国的饮食文化。以下是此杂志社发来的稿件要求，请仔细阅读，完成写作。,Length (词数) : About 80 words. Content (内容): Please try to answer at least 4 of these questions from our readers. Are meals in China the same as meals in the West? What time are lunch and dinner served in China? How to eat food? How to behave politely while eating with the old? How do we know that a meal is over in China? Is it a good idea to talk about food during a meal? Will there be just three courses or more in China? 要求：内容合理；要点齐全；句子及篇章结构准确、连贯；书写规范。,When_in_China，do_as_the_Chinese_do! As_we_know，Chinese_eating_culture_is_different_from_that_in_the_west.The_meals_we_eat_in_China_are_not_the_same_as_the_meals_in_the_west.We_often_have_lunch_at_about_12_oclock_and_have_dinner_at_about_6：00_pm_or_later.In_China，we_eat_meals_with_chopsticks_and_spoons_instead_of_the_knives_and_forks_in_the_west.Talking_about_food_during_a_meal_is_a_good_idea.If_there_is_an_old_man_with_us_while_eating，we_should_invite_him_to_sit_down_on_the_most_important_seat_at_first.Its_also_polite_to_offer_him_the_best_food.Whats_more，Chinese_have_a_saying_about_eating_habit_“Eat_nice_things_for_breakfast，eat_a_big_meal_for_lunch，but_eat_less_at_dinner.”Dont_you_think_so?,书面表达题主要考查学生在特定的语境中综合运用语言进行表达的能力；同时，还考查学生英文书写的规范性、美观性等。 一、常见的书面表达题型 1根据文体归类：日记、书信、通知、便条、启事、贺卡、发言稿、调查报告、记叙文、说明文及议论文等。然而许多试题都将记叙、议论、说明等表达方式融为一体，形成复合型的写作。 2根据所提供的材料形式归类：图画作文、图表作文、提纲作文及命题作文等。这样的测试形式既有一定的控制性，又有一定的开放性，为考生展示其写作能力提供了发挥的空间。,二、如何写出优美的文章 1选准词语。 语言是交流的工具。要使用通用的、合乎习惯的词语，切忌使用生僻的词汇。 选词要达意，英语有许多同义但用法不同的词汇或短语，切忌混淆使用。 用词要简明扼要，在不确定的情况下，宁可用常用词简单明了地表达信息。 2写好句子。 运用所学词汇、短语，结合一定的语法知识，按照句子的结构特点，直接用英语写出相应句子。,运用固定句式表达信息，把比较复杂的句子分成两个或两个以上的简单句子，减少写错句的几率。 把两个简单句用一个复合句或较复杂的简单句表达出来，这样可提高文章的可读性，但在没有把握的情况下慎用。 遇见生词或不熟悉的表达时，可以在保持原意的基础上，用不同的表达方式写出来。 3设计段落。 一个完整的段落要有主题句、拓展句及结尾句。正确运用连接词使语言衔接自然、行文流畅。 4书写规范、卷面整洁。,The mother replied，“When my son was a baby，his room caught fire one day.Everyone_was_too_afraid_to_get_into_the_roomI rushed into it in a minute.While I was running towards his bed，a beam (横梁) fell down and I placed myself over him to protect him.I was knocked and I knew nothing.幸运的是，有人救了我们。” She touched the burned side of her face.“But I have never regretted (后悔) doing what I did.” she added. Having heard that，the little boy was so moved that he hugged his mother with tears in his eyes.He held mothers right hand tightly for the rest of the day.,三、如何提升写作 1熟悉五种基本句式及一些使用频率较高的句式。 2收集优秀范文并大声朗读来扩展思路及培养语感。 3坚持常规练习。即：词词组句子段落篇章。切记：简单句是主菜，要做到运用自如；复杂句是佐料，有之增色，缺之乏味，但不可舍本逐末，以免弄巧成拙。 4仔细审题，要点齐全，人称及时态运用正确。,【例1】 假设你和朋友将在今年暑假参加以“拥抱大自然”为主题的户外拓展夏令营，其中包括小组自由活动。请你为你们小组设计一个活动方案。 提示词语：climb mountains；go fishing；pick fruits；have a campfire (篝火晚会) 要求：1.写明你们组计划要做的具体活动，并给出理由； 2提示词语仅供参考，可增减内容； 3词数80100，开头已给出，不计入总词数； 4文中不得出现真实的人名、校名与地名。 We are going for a camp this summer.Im glad to make a plan for our group._,解析：第一步：认真仔细地阅读提示，思考所提供的信息，计划文章大致内容。第二步：根据信息要求遣词造句，连句成文。第三步：通读全文，纠正错误，书写整洁。 写作要点：1.具体的活动要丰富多彩。2.写出安排这些活动的理由。 注意：此文是计划打算，应用将来时态。切忌写成流水账。,【参考范文】 We_are_going_for_a_camp_this_summer.Im_glad_to_make_a_plan_for_our_group. First of all，we plan to climb mountains in the morning so that we can enjoy fresh air and watch beautiful sunrise.After that，well have a fruitpicking competition between boys and girls，which will help us know each other better.Whats more，there will be a campfire.We can enjoy ourselves by singing，dancing and telling stories.Wont it be fantastic to share the relaxing moment with friends? We are looking forward to the summer camp because we can forget the busy work at school，and I believe well have a wonderful time together.,精彩再现： 文章内容完整，叙述清楚，要点一目了然。 使用了first of all，after that，whats more等表顺序的副词来使文章条理更清晰，更流畅。 经典句型：we plan to climb mountains in the morning so that we can enjoy fresh air and watch beautiful sunrise.Wont it be fantastic to share the relaxing moment with friends？I believe well have a wonderful time together.,(一)(2015，乐山) 文明出行 近几年，越来越多的中国人出国旅游，他们中的一些不文明行为引起了人们的极大关注。调查显示，中国游客列世界第二不受欢迎的人。为此，请你根据以下要点，给校报英语专栏写一篇短文，并提出你的建议，呼吁人们文明出行。 1. 不高声喧哗； 2. 排队候车或就餐； 3. 不随地吐痰或乱扔垃圾； 4. 不乱涂乱画。,注意：1. 词数：80 词左右；开头已给出，不计入总词数； 2. 应覆盖所有要点；可适当增加细节，使行文连贯； 3. 参考词汇：spit v. 吐痰；behavior n. 行为。,With more and more Chinese people traveling abroad, their bad behaviors have become a hot topic. A recent US survey showed Chinese were the second worst tourists. How can we be a good tourist? Here are some tips for you. With more and more Chinese people traveling abroad，their bad behaviors have become a hot topic.A recent US survey showed Chinese were the second worst tourists.How can we be a good tourist？Here are some tips for you.,First，we should keep our voice down while talking with friends in public.Please wait in line if you want to take a bus or have dinner.Also，dont spit or drop litter whenever you want.Finally，its really a bad behavior to write or draw pictures on famous buildings. As a