辽宁省阜新市第二高级中学2018-2019学年高二英语下学期期末考试试题（考试时间：100分钟 试卷满分：120分）第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节 （共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。A Female Scientists Who Have Changed the WorldThere are still hundreds of relatively-unknown women who have changed the world with their research throughout history.Tiera GuinnThis 21-year-old scientist hasnt yet graduated from college, but Tiera Guinns already doing rocket science. The MIT(麻省理工学院) senior is helping build a rocket for the United States that could be one of the biggest and most powerful ever made. Shes an aerospace（航天航空） major with high credit points who also works as a Rocket Structural Design and Analysis Engineer for the Space Launch System that aerospace company Boeing is building for the US.Elizabeth BlackwellElizabeth Blackwell, who was born in Bristol, England in 1821, was the first woman to graduate from medical school in the United States, became an activist for poor American womens health, and went on to found a medical school for women in England.Jane GoodallThe most famous primate(灵长目) scientist in history, Jane Goodall was known for her work with chimps（黑猩猩） and as a champion of animal rights. And Goodall wasnt just working in a lab; she climbed trees and imitated the behavior of chimps in Tanzania to gain their trust and study them in their natural habitat.Rachel CarsonIn the 1960s, one environmental scientists voice rose above the rest to become central to American politics, culture, and foreign policy: Rachel Carsons. Her article, Silent Spring,warned of the dangers of pesticides(农药) and chemicals to humans, plants, and animals, and was a landmark in the nations environ（周围的） mental history.1. What is Tiera Guinns greatest achievement?A. She entered the best university of the world.B. She has been learning the newest rocket science.C. She has helped build a big and powerful rocket.D. She is a top student employed by a famous company.2. What is Elizabeth Blackwell famous for in history?A. She was the first woman with the advanced education.B. She was a pioneer of the womens health in the US and the UK.C. She found the first womens school in the United Kingdom.D. She was the first woman to be accepted as an American citizen.3. Who made a great contribution to the animal-protection movement? A. Tiera Guinn. B. Jane Goodall. C. Rachel Carson.D. Elizabeth Blackwell.B Volunteering abroad comes with a bit of a social stigma (耻辱). From my experience, this couldnt be further from the truth. Volunteering isnt so expensive that its only a choice for the well-off（有钱的）. I spent 10 weeks volunteering in Arizona with America Conservation Experience(ACE), helping preserve Americas natural beauty.The trip was arranged through BUNAC, a work and volunteer organization. In all it cost me around $ 1,000 a sum which I covered mostly by working part-time.The self-indulgent（放纵自己的）image is relevant to overseas volunteer projects.However, the work can be hard-going. I spent my time maintaining trails, building fences and carrying out projects in some of the national monuments of America. Summer temperatures in Arizona stay well above 35, never pleasant if youre carrying 50kg of concrete for 10 hours at a time. And then there was the wildlife to deal with, which improved my strength of character and made my fear of the English household spider disappear.What do most people volunteer for? Probably they want to give back things to the world. But in reality, you benefit just as much as the local communities and ecosystems youre helping.Spending 10 weeks in Americas most beautiful national parks and forests was unforgettable. I gained a far deeper understanding of the local environment than the average tourist, meeting ex-national park rangers(护林者) who knew perfectly of the areas history and ecosystem. But best of all, my 10 weeks were spent volunteering with young people from a mix of cultures from Belgians to South Koreans. When I left Arizona, I returned home having made a life-long bond with the people from around the world.4. From his experience, the author has realized _.A. volunteering abroad gives you a bit of social stigmaB. people with average income can do volunteering work abroadC. volunteering can help preserve natural beautyD. volunteering will teach you how to find the truth5. How did the author afford his trip?A. With the help of BUNAC.B. With the support of America Conservation Experience.C. By working for BUNAC.D. By doing part-time jobs.6. While volunteering abroad, the author_.A. lived in pleasant temperatures in ArizonaB. built national monuments in AmericaC. in fact benefited a lot D. mainly intended to give back things to the world7. Whats the best part of doing volunteering work abroad for the author?A. Building up his strength.B. Overcoming the fear of wildlife.C.