药学-抗菌药物临床应用专题分析（Special topics on clinical application of pharmaceutical antimicrobial agents）Abstract Objective To investigate and analyze the current situation, existing problems and Countermeasures of clinical application of antibacterials, so as to promote rational use of drugs in clinic. Methods a total of 1000 clinical records of 10 clinical departments from 2007 to 7-12 were collected and analyzed retrospectively. Results the rate of antibiotic use was 68.6%, which accounted for 34.4% of drug treatment, preventive medication accounted for 64.4% of the drug indication of unknown accounted for 1.2%; there is the phenomenon of unreasonable application of antibiotics records use of antibiotics records the proportion is 20.1%, the indications of unreasonable medication accounted for 43.5%, unreasonable methods accounted for 26.8%. The course of treatment is not reasonable accounted for 29.7%; the hospital infection rate was 2.3%; the incidence rate of adverse reaction was 1.6%. Conclusion most department exists in different degrees of unreasonable application of antibacterial drugs is a common phenomenon, unreasonable application of antibacterial drugs can lead to poor treatment, drug resistant strains increased incidence of nosocomial infection, adverse reactions, should strengthen the management of antimicrobial drug use, and take the necessary measures to ensure the rational use of antibacterial drugs.Keywords antibacterial drugs; rational use of drugs; investigation and analysis;Antibacterial drugs are the main drugs for prevention and treatment of infectious diseases, the clinical application is very extensive, in our country, widespread unreasonable application of antibiotic resistant strains, lead to more and more, the clinical curative effect is getting worse, more and more difficult to control infection, adverse reaction is increasing, in order to further understand the present situation of our hospital antimicrobial drug use and existence the problem, in order to take the necessary measures, especially on the part of clinical departments in 2007 7-12 discharged cases were investigated using antibacterial drugs, report as follows now.1 data and methods1.1 general data were randomly selected from 10 clinical departments in 2007 7-12 month 1000 discharged patients were investigated and analyzed retrospectively, including 563 cases of male, female 437 cases, male: female =1.29: 1; the minimum age of 2 hours, the maximum age of 92; the average length of 10.7 D.1.2 investigation method adopts the retrospective survey methods, according to the pre designed questionnaire, including general information of the patients, the primary and the use of antimicrobial agents, bacterial culture and drug sensitivity tests, hospital infection diagnosis, incidence of adverse reactions and prognosis; unreasonable application of antibacterial drugs were analyzed mainly from 3 the indication is not reasonable; the treatment method is not reasonable; the course of treatment is not reasonable.1.3 by using standard principle in accordance with the relevant provisions of the Ministry of health 2004 guiding principles for clinical application of antibacterial antibacterial drugs; nosocomial infection diagnosis based on November 2000 issued by the Ministry of health hospital infection diagnosis standard (Trial) the relevant provisions of the.2 Result2.1 use of antimicrobial agents2.1.1 use of antimicrobial agents and bacterial culture. See table 1.The use rate of 2.1.2 antimicrobial agents was 686 in 1000 patients (237 of whom were diagnosed as infectious diseases), and the use rate of antibiotics was 68.6%. The medical system utilization rate was 51.2%, the surgical system utilization rate was 86%, there was significant difference between the two groups (2=203.6, P 0.01); single drug combination accounted for 53.8%, accounting for 46.2%; medication accounted for 34.4%, accounting for 64.4% of preventive medication, medication indications unknown accounted for 1.2%.2.1.3 varieties of antimicrobial agents using the survey of 10 clinical departments, for the use of antibiotics in 26, the amount of the size of the top five is penicillin, ceftazidime, levofloxacin, metronidazole, azlocillin.The longest use time of 2.1.4 antibacterial drugs was 37 D, the shortest 1 D, the average 8.3 D.This survey in 237 cases of infectious diseases 2.1.5 bacterial culture, bacterial culture to send a number of 59 cases, detection rate was 24.9%; 43 kinds of bacteria were detected, the detection rate was 72.9%, the top 3 of the bacteria were Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa.2.2 irrational use of antimicrobial agents2.2.1, the proportion of irrational use of antibacterial drugs, 686 cases of antibiotics use, there are 138 cases of irrational use of antibiotics, accounting for 20.1%.The irrational selection of 2.2.2 antibacterial drugs applic