轮胎的基本功能轮胎的基本功能 Basic functions of tire 支承汽车重量负荷 Supporting weight of vehicle loading 将驱动力和制动力传递到路面牵引和制动 Transfer driving and braking force to grounddriving and braking 改变和保持行驶方向操纵性和稳定性 Change and keep steering directionhandling and stability 缓冲来自路面的冲击舒适性 Cushion impact from ground comfort 此外，耐磨性 Wear resistance 和节油性 Fuel consumption economy，也都是 重要的要求性能。 全钢丝子午胎的定义全钢丝子午胎的定义 Definition of all steel radial tire： 全钢丝子午胎：胎体和带束层都用钢丝帘线的子午线轮胎,用于卡车和客车. All steel radial tire: framework materials of carcass and belts are steel cords in radial tire, which is used in truck and bus. TBR 轮胎的组成轮胎的组成 TBR tire components TBR（全钢载重子午线全钢载重子午线）轮胎组成各部件功能轮胎组成各部件功能 胎面 Tread 与地面接触，驱动、制动、防滑和保护胎体等，有好的耐磨 性能，抓着性能、防侧滑性，耐老化，耐刺扎性能 胎肩垫胶 Cushion shoulder 也称为支撑部，支撑胎面和带束层 胎侧 Sidewall 保护胎体，具有耐屈挠，耐撕裂、耐老化等性能 胎圈 Bead 使轮胎牢固地固定在轮辋上 带束层 Belt 固定胎体及增高胎面的刚性，是主要的受力部件 胎体 Carcass 象人的鼓架对身体一样，除了要承受轮胎部分应力外，还 有缓冲性和稳定尺寸的作用 内衬层 Inner liner 有内胎轮胎的内衬层主要是减少内胎受到轮胎胎体帘 线的摩擦。无内胎轮胎的内衬层主要是代替内胎，使其具有保压的作用。 三角胶 Apex 把胎体牢牢地固定在钢丝圈上和保持胎圈形状、 提高胎圈整 体刚性 子口包布 Chafer 增加胎圈强度，提高胎圈刚性。 全钢丝子午胎制造工艺全钢丝子午胎制造工艺 All steel radial tire making process 全钢丝子午胎生产工艺流程简图 All steel radial tire manufacturing process flow 轮胎和轮辋的总成轮胎和轮辋的总成 Tire and wheel assembly Tire size： 175/70R 14 77H 中 175 代表轮胎宽度是 175MM，70 表示轮胎断面的扁平比 是 70%，即断面高度是宽度的 70%，轮辋直径是 14 英寸，负荷指数 77，许 用车速是 H 级。 小型轿车排量在 0.8-1.5 之间轮胎规格相应的在 155/65 R 13 73T-175/70 R 14 77H 这个范围内。 大型轿车排量在 1.6-6.0 之间轮胎规格相应的在 185/60 R 14- 245/50 R 18 这 个范围内。 TIRE SIZE DESIGNATION: *The tire size designation must be supplemented with a Service Description. In the case of ZR tires, the service Description may be omitted. *Extra Load tires have the additional marking “REINFORCED” or “EXTRA LOAD” *Winter tires have the additional marking “M+S” (“MS”, M in the absence of service description, consult the TIRE manufacturer for actual maximum speed. *If they are suitable for speeds over 300 km/h, the Service Description should be marked within brackets. e.g. 195/50 ZR 15 (82Y) For example: 155 / 65 R 13 SECTION HEIGHT Half distance between the overall diameter and the nominal rim diameter. NOMINAL SECTION WIDTH: 155 The section width of an inflated TIRE mounted on its theoretical rim and indicated in the TIRE size designation. NOMINAL RIM DIAMETER: 13 Is a size code figure for reference purposes only, as indicated in the TIRE and rim size designation NOMINAL ASPECT RATIO: 65 One hundred times the ratio of the section height to the section width of the TIRE on its theoretical rim. NOMINAL ASPECT RATIO = One hundred times the ratio of the section height to the section width of the TIRE fitted on its theoretical rim. （100 * Section Height / Section Width） TIRE STRUCTURES DIAGONAL: (or BIAS PLY) describes a pneumatic TIRE structure in which the ply cords extend to the beads and are laid at alternate angles substantially less than 90 to the centreline of the tread. BIAS BELTED: describes a pneumatic TIRE structure of diagonal (bias ply) type in which the carcass is restricted by a belt comprising two or more layers of substantially inextensible cord material laid at alternate angles close to those of the carcass. RADIAL: describes a pneumatic TIRE structure in which the ply cords extend to the beads and are laid substantially at 90 to the centreline of the tread, the carcass being stabilised by an essentially inextensible circumferential belt. “T“ TEMPORARY USE SPARE TYPE - T TYPE (4,2 bar) “S” TEMPORARY USE LIGHT SPARE TYPE - S TYPE