太原理工大学 硕士学位论文 优势菌强化处理焦化废水 姓名：李国辉 申请学位级别：硕士 专业： 指导教师：杨云龙 太原理工大学硕士研究生学位论文 II 优势菌强化处理焦化废水 摘 要 经常规生物处理后的焦化废水中残留很多芳香族化合物及含硫、氮、 氧的杂环化合物，这些有机物不仅难以被生物体降解，而且对生物体有毒 害作用。为使出水满足 COD100mg/L 的标准，若采用物化方法进行进一 步处理，会造成处理成本的大幅增加以及二次污染。本试验研究筛选出的 优势菌株对经常规生物处理后焦化废水中残留成份的降解性能。试验所用 菌株为上几届研究生通过测定菌株脱氢酶活性从焦化废水活性污泥中逐步 分离筛选出的（菌株编号为 EB1-EB9） 。 首先，将试验菌株扩大培养后，测定各菌株的脱氢酶活性、生长曲线， 研究菌株的最适生长环境以及各菌株之间的协同作用。结果表明：由测得 的脱氢酶活性值可以看出，各菌株均具有很强的脱氢酶活性；由各菌株的 生长曲线确定菌株的最佳培养时间为24h；选择温度、PH值及溶解氧三个环 境因素确定菌株的最适生长环境为：温度30，pH值为77.2，溶解氧为 3.03.5mg/L；对菌株间协同作用的研究结果表明：菌株间的最佳组合为 六个菌株等比例混合。 其次，对菌株的生化性能了解后，模拟菌株最佳生长环境进行摇床降 解试验，以 COD 为控制指标，研究各菌株在最佳生长环境下对焦化废水中 难降解成份的降解性能以及共代谢途径对各菌株降解性能的影响。结果表 明：以葡萄糖、可溶性淀粉、蔗糖、乳糖为共代谢碳源的对比试验发现， 太原理工大学硕士研究生学位论文 III 以葡萄糖为共代谢碳源时，各菌株的降解性能最佳，5 天后 COD 的去除率 最高可达到 92.8%,COD 值最小可以达到 37mg/L； 当以生活污水作为共代谢 碳源时，研究其对菌株降解性能的影响发现，在菌株与生活污水构成的共 代谢体系中，5 天后 COD 的去除率最高可以达到 64.1%，COD 最小可以达 到 89mg/L。 最后，在摇床降解试验的基础上进行优势菌共代谢降解焦化废水的小 试试验，以 COD 为控制指标，经过试验得出结论：与没有投加优势菌的反 应器相比，投加了优势菌的反应器中 COD 的去除率可以提高 17%左右，出 水 COD 最小可以达到 131mg/L；另外，当以葡萄糖为共代谢碳源时，反应 器中 COD 的去除率最高能达到 70.1%， 出水 COD 最小可以达到 92.7mg/L； 当共代谢生活污水时， 最高能达到 57.8%， 出水 COD 最小可以达到 97mg/L。 综上所述，共代谢优势菌处理焦化废水能明显提高其对焦化废水 COD 的去除率，以生活污水作为共代谢基质来强化处理焦化废水可以解决物化 法处理焦化废水的弊端。 关键词：焦化废水，优势菌，脱氢酶活性，共代谢 太原理工大学硕士研究生学位论文 IV THE ADVANCED TREATMENT OF COKING WASTEWATER USING PREDOMINANT BACTERIA ABSTRACT The coking wastewater treated by conventional biotreatment has a large number of residual aromatic compounds and heterocyclic compounds containing sulfur, nitrogen, and oxygen. Those organisms are not only difficult to be degraded by living organism, but also harmful to the living organism. The effluent must be further treated by physicochemical method for satisfying the COD criterion which is not more than 100 mg/L, and thus the processing cost greatly increases and secondary pollution generates. This experiment uses the sifted dominant bacterial strains to research the degrading performance of residual components in the coking water which is treated by conventional biotreatment. The bacterial strains (the number is from EB1 to EB9) used in the experiment are obtained from the work of previous graduate students, who step by step separated and sifted the bacteria form the coking wastewater activated sludge by measuring TTC-DHA of the bacterial strains . Firstly, TTC-DHA and growth curve of the bacteria after the incubation are measured for researching the optimum growing environment and the synergy of the bacteria. The result turns out that: the measured value of TTC-DHA indicates each bacterial strain has strong activity of TTC-DHA; the optimum incubation 太原理工大学硕士研究生学位论文 V time of the bacteria is 24h, which is determined by the growing curve; the optimum growing environment is 30 of temperature, 77.2 of the value of PH, and 3.03.5mg/L of the dissolved oxygen; the research of the synergy among the bacterial strains indicates that: the synergy is commonly existed between each bacteria strain, and the best group is the mixture of six bacteria with equal proportion. Secondly, following the biochemistry property of the bacteria, the shaking-botting incubating test is performed by simulating the optimum growing environment of the bacteria. The performance of each bacterial strain under the optimum growing environment degrading the components which are difficult to be degraded in the coking wastewater, and the influence of the co-metabolism pathway on the degradation performance of each bacterial strain, are researched as the COD for guidepost. The result indicates that: the comparative experiments of co-metabolism pathway with different carbon sources such as glucose, tragantine, sucrose and lactose turn out each bacterial strain has best degrading performance with the glucose for carbon source, and the removal rate of COD five days later reaches to 92.8%, and the COD is 37 mg/L in the minimum; the influence of the domestic sewage as carbon source on the degrading performance of the bacteria is researched, and the result indicates that the removal rate of COD 5 days later reaches to 64.1%, and the minimum of COD is 89 mg/L. Finally, as the COD for guidepost, the experiment of degrading the coking 太原理工大学硕士研究生学位论文 VI wastewater by the co-metabolism of dominant bacteria is based on the shaking-botting incubating test. Comparing the four immobilization methods to the non-immobilization group, the degrading effect of the four immobilization methods are all better than the blank control group of non-immobilization.The removal rate of COD in the reactor with dominant bacteria can be improved by about 17%, and the COD of effluent can reach to 131 mg/L in the minimum; when the carbon source of the co-metabolism is glucose, the removal rate of COD in the reactor reaches to about 70.1%, and the minimum of COD in the effluent is 92.7 mg/L; when the carbon source of co-metabolism is domestic sewage, the removal rate of COD can reach to about 57.8%, and the minimum of COD in the effluent is 97 mg/L. In sum, the co-metabolism dominant bacteria trea