计算机导论考试简答题（Introduction to computer test）9 、 what components do you need to assemble a personal computer? Please give a list of the components for assembling the computer.Answer: motherboards, graphics cards, network cards, memory, hard disk, chassis, power, keyboard, mouse, CD-ROM, monitor, CPU. Graphics card and network card are integrated on the motherboard, you can also buy independent, as well as audio equipment.10. For structured programming languages, there are three basic program structures. What are the three basic program structures, please give an example.Answer: sequential structure, choice structure, cyclic structure;1., sequential structure: from top to bottom in order to perform.2. selection structure: statements with ifThe 3. loop structure: statements with for and while11. The file is a collection of related data stored in memory on the computer. What is the file naming rule? How does the operating system organize files? What are the advantages of this organizational approach?Answer: the file name of a file consists of two parts: the main file name and the extension. When extensions are used, numbers are separated.Files in the same folder are not allowed to have the same file name,Organization: organize documents at different levelsAdvantages: it will greatly improve the efficiency of document management, especially the efficiency of file search.12, for the computer system? Neumann system, let the computer to complete a task, which can be divided into several steps?Answer: input - storage - control - operation - output,15, what are the main technical measures to ensure the security of computer systems?Answer: three aspects of technical safety, management safety, legal security.Anti virus technology, anti hacker technology, firewall technology, intrusion detection technology, data encryption technology, security authentication technology16, a brief description of the development process of computers.Answer: ENIAC just a few decades after birth, the development of computers by leaps and bounds. The main electronic devices have been using vacuum tubes, transistors, medium and small scale integrated circuits and large scale and very large scale integrated circuits, which have led to several upgrading of computers.The first generation (19461957) is a computer, it is the basic electronic components electronic tube, memory using mercury delay line memory mainly uses a drum, tape, tape cards, etc.The second generation (19581970) was a transistor computer. A large number of magnetic memory cores made of magnetic materials are used in memoryThe third generation (19631970) is an integrated circuit computer (small scale) basic electronic components third generation computer circuits are small scale integrated circuit and medium scale integrated circuits, the further development of core memory, and start with the better performance of semiconductor memoryThe fourth generation (1971 day ago) is a large scale integrated circuit computerHighly integrated semiconductor memory replaces magnetic core memory.18, from the users point of view, what components should be included in the hardware system of a personal computer?Answer: monitor, host, key mouse, the host is inside by CPU, motherboard, power, memory, graphics card (see the user situation, available integration, but also can be used alone), CD-ROM, chassis, hard disk 8 parts. Its basic, and audio equipment. And so on19, Internet is what kind of network, it can provide what aspects of functional services? What can you get out of it?Answer: it is a global network of computers that communicate with each other using public language.Features: (1) email E_mail (2) remote login Telnet (3) file transfer FTP; (4) WWW services, some of which are free of charge, and some services are charged.21, a brief description of the basic components of the computer, the main function of each component, as well as the relationship between the components.Answer: motherboard: the main body of a PC, the motherboard to complete the management and coordination of computer systems, support various CPU, functional cards and the normal operation of the bus interfaceCPU: that is the central processing unit, the core of the whole system, and the highest unit of execution in the whole system. It is responsible for the execution of the whole system instruction, the operation of mathematics and logic, the storage and transmission of data, and the control of internal and external input and output.Chip set: in fact, an integrated circuit chip, it is the internal components, functions and more chips of the foot assemblyMemory: it is one of the important components on the motherboard. It is the part of data and program that stores the data between CPU and peripheral device.CD-ROM: computer used to read and write CD content of the machine,Di