现在完成时态 present perfect,现在完成时,1.过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。和already，never,ever,just,before,yet等状语连用。,2.过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态， 常与for或since引起的一段时间状语连用。,动词构成：have/has+v过去分词,have breakfast,I have just had my breakfast.,(现在我不饿),Im not hungry now,moved here in 2004,I still live here,I have lived here for 8 years.,I have lived here since 2004/8 years ago.,now,past,1.过去某一时间点发生的动作对现在产生影响。,功能：,2.过去某一时间点发生的动作持续 到现在或还将持续下去。,助动词,否定,havent hasnt,疑问,Have you? Has he?,What are the key words for the Present Perfect Tense?,A: _ your brother _ his homework yet? (finish) B: Yes, he s already done it.,Key words,Has finished,yet,already,注意：already 用于肯定句， yet 用于疑问句和否定句中,A: _ you ever _ to the park? ( be ) B: No, never.,Key words,Have been,yet,already,ever,never,注意： ever 曾经 用于疑问句中 never 从不 带有否定意义,I _ just _ the desk, you can take it to your classroom . (mend ),Key words,have mended,yet,ever,never,just,already,Just 刚刚 与现在完成时连用 一般置句中 Just now 刚才 与一般过去时连用,Tom _ in the factory since he left school ten years ago. (work ),Key words,has worked,yet,ever,never,since,already,since 后面带过去时间或有一般过去时的句子,A: How long _ you _ in this school? (teach ) B: For 6 years.,Key words,have taught,yet,ever,never,since,for,already,+ 一段时间,since: (自以来) 1)since+时间点 He has stayed here since 5 oclock. 2)since+ 时间段+ ago He has stayed here since 5 hours ago. 3)since+ 从句 She has taught English since he came here. for: (长达） for+ 时间段 He has kept the book for 2 weeks.,since , for 的用法:,Take notes,用for 或since填空,Mr. Brown has had his TV _ 15 years. Ive taken driving lessons _ last month. My sister has had her cell phone _ a month . My friends havent visited me _ my birthday. We havent used our car _ a long time . She hasnt had a good cup of coffee _ years. Tom has worn glasses _ he was 7 years old.,for,since,for,since,for,for,since,We _ only _ 100 trees so far. (answer ),Key words,have planted,yet,ever,never,since,for,just,already,so far,到目前为止,Key words,yet,ever,never,since,for,just,before,already,so far,in the past 10 years,twice,也可以是其他表示次数的词,how long,have(has)been和 have(has)gone 的区别,Where has he been? Where has he gone?,have(has)been: 表示曾经到过某地，人现在不在某地。 have(has)gone： 表示已经去过某地了，人现在在去某地的路上或已经在某地了。,翻译：,他去哪儿的？（他已经回来了）,他去哪儿了？（他不在这里）,练：,She has been to Shanghai. She has gone to Shanghai.,实义动词分为: 1) 瞬间动词 (强调动作) 2)延续动词 (强调状态),瞬间动词,注意: 瞬间动词不能和时间段连用.,Pay attention 注意,1.现在完成时句中常见的时间状语 A.表示从过去一直持续到现在,不能是具体过去时间,( 1).for+表示一段时间的短语 ( 2).since+表示过去时间点的词语 ( 3).since+表示过去时间的时间状语从句,eg.I have been a teacher _ a year. He has been at this school _ 1992. We have learned 1,000 English words _ we came to this school.,for,since,since,B.just,already,yet,before/ ever,never 有此类副词时,常强调动作完成,不强调动作的持续.,eg.Have you _been to Japan? I have _ finished my homework. I have finished my homework _. I havent finished my homework _.,ever,just,already,yet,2.区分短暂性动词与持续性动词. 表示短暂性(瞬间性)的动词在现在完成时的句中不能和一段时间连用.短暂性的动词如：come，go，join，leave，buy等，在完成时态中不能与for,since短语或How long等引起的时间状语连用。,I have bought this pen for two months.,I have had this pen for two months.,How long have you _ this pen.,had,The teacher has left.,The teacher has been away for half an hour .,(be away),method 1:,动作,die,be over,leave,borrow/buy,arrive,begin,end/finish,join,marry,keep/had,be away,be here,be on(上演）,be married,be in,be dead,Please point out any mistakes and correct,She has bought the computer for two years.,had,Please point out any mistakes and correct,How long have you come to the United States？,been in,Please point out any mistakes and correct,Ann has gone to China since three months ago.,been in,Please point out any mistakes and correct,My brother has joined the army for five years.,been in,been a soldier,Please point out any mistakes and correct,I have left Shanghai for 3 days.,been away for 3 days.,Please point out any mistakes and correct,I have borrowed the dictionary since 3 days ago .,kept,Please point out any mistakes and correct,The film has begun for 10 minutes.,been on,Please point out any mistakes and correct,The concert has finished for half an hour.,been over,Please point out any mistakes and correct,His dog has died for two years .,been dead,can you distinguish?,去过某地已经回来 常与ever, never, once,twice,连用,一直留在某地 与for / since连用 用how long 提问,去了某地 还没回来不与 只用于第三人称,Her sister _ Australia, She left this morning.,has gone to,can you distinguish?,去过 常与ever, never, once,twice,连用,在 与时间段连用 用how long 提问,去了 说话时某人不在 只用于第三人称,A: Where is Bob ? B: He _ Japan with his sister.,has gone to,can you distinguish?,去过 常与ever, never, once,twice,连用,在 与时间段连用 用how long 提问,去了 说话时某人不在 只用于第三人称,A: How long _ you _ China? B: I _ here for 3 years.,have been,have been in,can you distinguish?,去过 常与ever, never, once,twice,连用,