宾宾 语语 从从 句句 The Object ClauseThe Object Clause 什么是主语？ 句子说明的人或事物。主语一般位于_ 。 1. Lucy likes her new bike. 2.We work hard. 3.To learn a foreign language is not easy. 4.Playing football after school is great fun. 句首 什么是谓语？ 说明主语做什么或怎么样。通常由 _ 充当 . 常分为实义动词,连系动词,情态动词和助动词. 1. We love China. 2. She seems tired. 3. He can speak English 4. We have finished reading this book. 动词 谓语 （V. ） 实义动词: 及物 v. 不及物 v. 连系动词 情态动词 助动词 什么是宾语？ 动作行为的对象，说明主语做什么。一般放 在_或_后面. 1.We study English. 2.Our teacher said that he would go there. 3.He is looking at the dog. 及物动词介词 1. I know him . 2. I know who he is . 主语谓语宾语 （简单句） 主语谓语 宾 语 从 句 引导词从句主语 从句谓语 主 句 （复合句 ） 宾宾 语语 从从 句句 The Object ClauseThe Object Clause 宾语从句的概念： 宾语从句在复合句中作主句的宾语 。 句子结构： 主句 + 引导词 + 宾语从句 引导词 陈述句(主+v/主+adj.): 特殊疑问句: 一般疑问句: 先_后_ (that) 特殊疑问词如 what/ where/ when/ who/how much/ how many. if/whether 主谓 语序 时态 宾 语 从 句 三 要 素 主句为现在时，从句的时态根据_而定。 主句为过去时，从句的时态用_时态。 实际情况 相应的过去 一、从属连词（引导词）一、从属连词（引导词） 1. 1. thatthat： 当宾语从句是陈述句时（包括肯定句和否定句）当宾语从句是陈述句时（包括肯定句和否定句） ，连词由，连词由thatthat引导，因为引导，因为thatthat不作任何成分，无任何不作任何成分，无任何 具体意思，因此具体意思，因此常省略。常省略。 I I think think (that)(that) its very funny its very funny. . She She hopeshopes (that)(that) they they will will have have a a good good timetime. . FF 形容词宾语从句：形容词宾语从句： FF 结构：结构：bebe + + 形容词形容词 + +（thatthat）从句）从句 FFsorry, sure, afraid, gladsorry, sure, afraid, glad, happy, certain, happy, certain I Imm afraidafraid (that)(that) I cant help you I cant help you . . vv WeWere re glad glad (that)(that) you can join us you can join us . . 2. 2. if / whetherif / whether 当宾语从句是当宾语从句是一般疑问句一般疑问句时，由连词时，由连词whetherwhether 或或 if if 引导（口语中常用引导（口语中常用if if），因为），因为if/whetherif/whether翻译成翻译成 ：“ “是否是否” ”，具有一定的意义，具有一定的意义，所以不能省略所以不能省略。 I I wonderwonder if if you you can go with mecan go with me. . I I didnt knowdidnt know whetherwhether I could I could go homego home. . if 与 whether 的区别 1. I dont know _ he will come or not. 2. I dont care of _ he is handsome. 3. He wondered _ to stay here the next week. 4. _ he will come is not decided. whether whether whether Whether 有or not，只用whether 前有介词，只用whether 后接to do 不定式，只用whether 做主语，只用whether Exercise _ hell come isnt important. A. Why B. If C. Whether D. What Would you like to know _ they will do it or not. A. if B. that C. whether D. why I dont know _ he still lives here. A. where B. what C. when D. whether 二、特殊疑问词二、特殊疑问词 当宾语从句是特殊疑问句时，由连接代词当宾语从句是特殊疑问句时，由连接代词（what, who, whom, which, whose）或连接副词（或连接副词（when, where, how, why）引导，所以）引导，所以不可以省略不可以省略 Henry knows what he should do. v I dont remember when we arrived . v I asked him where I could take the bus. v Please tell me who (whom) we have to see . 带带howhow的词组也都可以引导宾语从句的词组也都可以引导宾语从句 vvCould you tell us Could you tell us how oftenhow often you go abroad you go abroad for a holiday ?for a holiday ? vvCould you tell us Could you tell us how longhow long the meeting the meeting will last ?will last ? vvPlease tell us Please tell us how manyhow many students there are students there are in your school ?in your school ? vvCan you tell us Can you tell us how oldhow old his brother is ? his brother is ? vvCould you tell us Could you tell us how muchhow much the coat isthe coat is ? ? Exercise Can you tell me _ you were born, Betty? A. who B. what C. when D. that He asked me _ told me the accident. A. whom B. which C. who D. whose 宾语从句的引导词 Exercise I think _ you will like him. A. that B. if C. why D. how I didnt know _ he will come or not. A. that B. whether C. weather D. how The weather forecast doesnt say _. A. if it rains tomorrow B. if does it rain tomorrow C. if it will rain tomorrow D. if will it rain tomorrow 引导词 陈述句(主+v/主+adj.): 特殊疑问句: 一般疑问句: _前_后 (that) 特殊疑问词如 what/ where/ when/ who/how much/ how many. if/whether 主 谓 语序 时态 宾 语 从 句 三 要 素 宾语从句用陈述语序 三、语序三、语序 宾语从句的语序用陈述语序： 连接词连接词 + +主语主语 + + 谓语谓语 + + 其他成分其他成分 1. When will he go to the library? 1. When will he go to the library? His brother asks when His brother asks when he will go tohe will go to the library . the library . His brother asks when His brother asks when will he go towill he go to the library . the library . 2. What does he want to buy ?2. What does he want to buy ? I dont know what I dont know what he wants tohe wants to buy . buy . I dont know what I dont know what does he want todoes he want to buy . buy . 3. Who are we going to meet ?3. Who are we going to meet ? Can you tell me who Can you tell me who we are going towe are going to meet ? meet ? Can you tell me who Can you tell me who are we going toare we going to meet ? meet ? Did Did the the students students have have a a picnic picnic last last Sunday Sunday ? ? Do you know ? Do you know ? Do you know if/whether the students Do you know if/whether the students had a picnic last Sunday ?ha