山东轻工业学院 硕士学位论文 有机/无机杂化仿生超疏水膜的制备与研究 姓名：范治平 申请学位级别：硕士 专业：高分子化学与物理 指导教师：刘伟良 2011-06-06 山东轻工业学院硕士学位论文 I 摘 要 科技的发展日新月异，给我们的生活带来了很大的变化，本研究通过介绍几种超疏 水薄膜的制备实验，拓展并验证了超疏水领域的一些新的制备方法和理论： 第一部分总结了 Wenzel 方程、Cassie 方程及一种具有极高精确度的，可方便测出 固体表面上液滴前进角和后退角的测试方法等超疏水表面的最新理论研究成果和技术； 回顾了溶胶凝胶法、化学修饰法、喷涂法、液相法、化学蚀刻法、水热法、微相分离法、 原位聚合法、经典纺丝法和阳极氧化法等近几年出现的超疏水表面的制备方法；介绍了 其在物质能量、生物医学、光学、燃料以及电池应用等领域超疏水表面的最新功能性的 应用。最后客观地展望了超疏水表面制备及理论研究的发展方向。 第二部分在两个章节中分别介绍了在室温环境下通过一种简单的制备过程得到了 聚苯乙烯（PS）和聚 甲基苯乙烯（PAMS）两种仿生超疏水聚合物表面。优选水和乙 醇在不同的相分离体系中被用作不良溶剂， 并通过大量的实验对制备过程中的多种影响 因素进行了考察。测试结果表明制得的薄膜具有较高的接触角和较低的接触角滞后值， 均表现出良好的超疏水性和耐老性能。此外，传统的 Cassie-Baxter 方程和一种新的修正 方程均被用于 PS 和 PAMS 薄膜的理论验证，以证明其超疏水表现。 第三部分展示了在室内环境下通过一种简单的方法得到的一种具有火焰般微观形 貌的钇铝石榴石（YAG）超疏水膜，并对实验中固化剂和液体石蜡的浓度的的变化对其 性能的影响进行了观测。所得到的超疏水薄膜的水滴接触角达到 1581.0，滚动角 4 1.0，暴露十天之后粗糙表面的水滴接触角仍然大于 150，具有良好的超疏水性和耐 老性能。通过透射电镜，环境扫描电镜，荧光分光光度仪和原子力显微镜对试样进行了 表征。 第四部分通过分步接枝乙烯基和聚苯乙烯得到了一种聚苯乙烯/硅球纳米颗粒， 所得 的乙烯基改性的和聚苯乙烯接枝硅球纳米颗粒使用红外光谱仪， 环境扫描电镜和紫外光 谱仪来表征。结果表明：聚苯乙烯成功的被接枝到硅球颗粒上，所得到的聚苯乙烯/硅球 纳米颗粒的薄膜呈现出典型的粗糙形貌。 表面润湿性能通过接触角测试仪测得接触角和 滚动角分别为 159和为 2。 关键词关键词：超疏水；有机无机杂化；相分离；仿生；YAG；接枝；改性 山东轻工业学院硕士学位论文 I ABSTRACT The rapid development of science and technology brings our great changes in life.This thesis describes several experiments in fabrication of superhydrophobic films, and elaborates series of new methods and theories in the field of superhydrophobic films: The first part covers the latest theoretical research, such as Wenzel equation, Cassie equation and a new experimental technique is proposed to easily measure both advancing and receding contact angles of a liquid on a solid surface, with unprecedented accuracy; the preparation methods: the SolGel processing, chemical modification method, flame plating method, solution method, etching method, hydrothermal method, microscale phase separation method, in situ polymerization method, electrospinning method , and anodizing method , etc, which emerged in recent years were reviewed.; introduces the application of the latest features of superhydrophobic surface, in microscale material-energy filed, biomedical domain, optics filed, fuel economy area, and the application in battery, etc. Finally, we prospected the direction of development of the superhydrophobic surface preparation and theoretical research, objectively. The second part introduces two biomimetic superhydrophobic polymeric surfaces, which were obtained by a simple approach under ambient atmosphere. Water and ethanol were used as the nonsolvents in the method of phase separation in different systems. The influences of various factors in the process were investigated. Both of the as-prepared films showed excellent superhydrophobicity, depending on the high contact angle and the low contact angle hysteresis. Moreover, the classic and a new modified Cassie-Baxter relation were used on the polystyrene and poly-methyl styrene films to confirm the superhydrophobic performance. The third part shows a flame-like superhydrophobic yttrium aluminum garnet surface ， which was obtained by a simple approach under ambient conditions. The influences of the concentration of curing agent and paraffin wax in course of the experiment were investigated. The as-prepared film shows superhydrophobicity which has a water contact angle of 1581.0, and sliding angle of 41.0. Moreover, the water contact angle of the rough surface remained higher than 150, after exposure for 10 days. Transmission electronic microscope, scanning electronic microscope, fluorescence spectrometer and atomic force microscopy were also used to characterize the samples. The fourth part presents a kind of Polystyrene/silica nanoparticles, which were prepared by radical polymerization of silica nanoparticles possessing vinyl groups and styrene with benzoyl peroxide. The resulting vinyl silica nanoparticles, polystyrene/silica nanoparticles were characterized by means of Fourier transformation infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy and UVvis absorption spectroscopy. The results indicated that ABSTRACT II polystyrene had been successfully grafted onto vinyl silica nanoparticles via covalent bond. The morphological structure of polystyrene/silica nanoparticles film, investigated by scanning electron microscopy, showed a characteristic rough structure. Surface wetting properties of the polystyrene/silica nanoparticles film were evaluated by measuring water contact angle and the sliding angle using a contact angle goniometer, which were measured to be 159 and 2 , respectively. The excellent superhydrophobic property enlarges potential applications of the superhydrophobic surfaces. Keywords: Superhydrophobic; Organic-inorganic hybrid; Phase separation; Biomimetic; YAG; Grafting; Modified 学位论文独创性声明 本人声明，所呈交的学位论文系在导师指导下本人独立完成的研究成果。文中引用 他人的成果，均已做出明确标注或得到许可。论文内容未包含法律意义上已属于他人的 任何形式的研究成果，也不包含本人已用于其他学位申请的论文或成果，与我一同工作 的同志对本研究所做的任何贡献均已在论文中作了明确的说明并表示谢意。 论文作者签名： 日期： 年 月 日 学位论文知识产权权属声明 本人在导师指导下所完成的论文及相关的职务作品，知识产权归属山东轻工业学 院。山东轻工业学院享有以任何方式发表、复制、公开阅览、借阅以及申请专利等权利， 同意