SectionA3a-4cabookshelfawoodbookshelfstorebooksWhatsthiscalledinEnglishItabookshelfinEnglish.WhatsitmadeofItsmadeof.WhatsitusedforItsusedforbooks.iscalledwoodstoringItscalledinEnglish.Itmetal.Itcooking.apanametalpancookapanismadeofisusedforastampapaperstampsendaletterItscalledainEnglish.Itspaper.Itssendingaletter.stampmadeofusedforajacketawooljacketkeepwarmItscalledainEnglish.Its.Its.Readnewwords.jacketmadeofwoolusedforkeepingwarmTalkingaboutit.WhereistheclockmadeItismadeinChina.bemadeinWhat.calledWhere.madeWhat.usedfor被动语态一、语态概述英语的语态是通过动词形式的变化表现出来的。英语中有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。巧记为：主动、主动、主去动。例如：ManypeoplespeakEnglish.谓语speak的动作是由主语manypeople来执行的。被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，即行为动作的对象。巧记为：被动、被动、主被动。例如：Englishisspokenbymanypeople.主语English是动词speak的承受者。一般现在时被动语态的构成：肯定：主语+isamare+过去分词+其它+（by+主动语态句子的主语）否定：主语+isamare+not+过去分词+其它+（by+主动语态句子的主语）(1)把主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。三、主动语态变被动语态的方法WeoftenusearecorderinourEnglishclass.宾语ArecorderisoftenusedinourEnglishclass（byus）.主语(2)把谓语变成被动结构(be过去分词)(根据被动语态句子里的主语的人称和数，以及原来主动语态句子中动词的时态来决定be的形式)。WeoftenusearecorderinourEnglishclass.谓语ArecorderisoftenusedinourEnglishclass（byus）.一般现在时的被动语态(3)把主动语态中的主语放在介词by之后作宾语，将主格改为宾格如主语是人称代词，一般省略。Theymakethebikesinthefactory.Thebikesaremade（bythem）inthefactory.4.在主动语态句中动词make、have、let、see、watch、hear、feel等后接动词不定式作宾语补足语，动词不定式不加to。但变成被动语态时后面的不定式都须加上to。例如：(1)Thebossmakesthemworktenhoursaday.(2)Tomletshislittlesisterwaterflowerseveryday.Theyaremadetoworktenhoursaday.HislittlesisterislettowaterflowerseverydaybyTom.5.含有双宾语的句子，主动句中的间接宾语或者直接宾语都可变为被动语态中的一个主语，另一个保留不变。变为主语的若是主动句中的直接宾语在变为间接宾语前则需加介词to或for。常用双宾语的动词：showgiveoffersendbringlendteachbuy例如：Theteachergivesthepupilssomeadvice.Thepupilsaregivensomeadvicebytheteacher.直接宾语间接宾语Someadviceisgiventothepupilsbytheteachert.把下列句子变为含被动语态的句子：1.Mr.Licorrectsthestudentshomeworkeverymorning.ThestudentshomeworkiscorrectedbyMr.Lieverymorning.2.Peopleplaybasketballallovertheworld.Basketballisplayedbypeopleallovertheworld.主语主语谓语宾语谓语宾语3.Weoftenseehimhelphisclassmates.Heisoftenseentohelphisclassmates.4.Thetreescoverthewholemountain.5.Theteacherstakecareofthechildren.Thewholemountainiscoveredbythetrees.Thechildrenaretakencareofbytheteachers.四、含有情态动词的被动语态含有情态动词的主动句变成被动句时，由“情态动词be过去分词”构成，原来带to的情态动词变成被动语态后“to”仍要保留。歌诀是：情态动词变被动，情态加be加“过分”，原来带to要保留。例如：1.Wecanrepairthiswatchintwodays.2.Yououghttotakeitaway.3.Theyshoulddoitatonce.Thiswatchcanberepairedintwodays.Itoughttobetakenaway.Itshouldbedoneatonce.选择填空:1.Thereadingroom_yesterdayafternoon.A.cleanedB.iscleanedC.wascleaningD.wascleaned3.Food_inacoolplaceinsummer.A.mustkeepB.mustntkeepC.mustbekeptD.mustntbekept2.Theworkersweremade_tenhoursaday.A.workB.toworkC.workingD.worked4.Hisfather_toworkinHongKong3yearsago.A.sentB.wassentC.hassentD.hasbeensent5.Theclassroom_now.A.iscleaningB.isbeingcleaningC.isbeingcleanedD.iscleanedDBCBC._hiswork_yetA.HavebeenfinishedB.HasbeenfinishedC.HasfinishedD.Havefinished8.Thechildwill_backtohisparentsnextmonth.A.sentB.sendC.besentD.besending6.Greatchanges_inthetownsince1988.A.havetakenplaceB.havebeentakenplaceC.hastakenplaceD.hasbeentakenplace79.Thepolicefoundthatthehouse_andalotofthings_.A.hasbrokenintohasbeenstolenB.hadbrokenintohadbeenstolenC.hasbeenbrokenintostolenD.hadbeenbrokenintostolenABCD勤奋和智慧是双胞胎，懒惰和愚蠢是亲兄弟