第五章 植物体内有机物的代谢（The fifth chapter is the metabolism of organic compounds in plants）The fifth chapter is the metabolism of organic compounds in plantsI. in English translation (Translate)1, terpenoid2, monoterpene3, triterpene4, ployterpene5, phenol6, ligin7, flavonoid8, alkaloid9, secondary product10, sesquiterpene11, diterpene12, sterol13, mevalonic acid14, anthocyanidin15, glycosidase16, nicotine17, cyanogenic glycoside18, mustard, oil, glycosideTwo, translated into English (Translate)1 terpenoids2, secondary products3, diterpene4 and a half mushroom5, phenols6 shikimic acid pathway7 alkaloids8 lignin9, monoterpene10 and three terpenoids11, diterpene12, sterol13, hydroxymethyl acid14. Anthocyanidin15, nicotine16 glucosinolatesThree, noun interpretation (Explain the glossary)1, terpenoid2, phenols3 alkaloids4, second production5, sterol6 flavonoidsFour, True or false(1) the terpenoid species are determined according to the number of isoprene, so they can be classified into monoterpenes, sesquiterpene, diterpene, three terpenes, four terpenes and terpenoids(2) rubber is a kind of terpenoid macromolecule compound. It is the main component of the milk of rubber tree.(3) citric acid and camphor belong to diterpene compounds.(4) the starting point for the biosynthesis of terpenoids is isoprene.(5) PAL is an important regulatory enzyme in the formation of phenols.(6) lignin is a polymer of alcohol derivatives of simple phenols, and its composition varies with plant species.(7) carrots and lutein belong to four terpenoids.(8) there are 2 pathways for terpenoid biosynthesis, the 3-PGA/ pathway and the pyruvate pathway., Choose, the, best, for, answer, each, question)1 what kinds of terpenes are determined according to the number? ()A, isoprene, B, ISO butene, C, propylene2, sesquiterpene has several units of isoprene? ()A, 1.5 B, three C, six3 alkaloids are alkaline because of what they contain ()A, oxygen ring, B, base ring C, a ring containing N4 which group of the following combinations of substances belong to the secondary product? ()A, fats and alkaloids, B, alkaloids and terpenes, C, proteins, and fats5 of the following substances belonging to sesquiterpeneA, B, citric acid, C, rubber6. What is the beginning of the biological integration of most plant phenols? ()A, glyoxylic acid, B, phenylalanine, C, pyruvate7. The biosynthesis of phenylalanine and tyrosine is the starting point of the following substancesA, lignin, B, anthocyanin, C and alkaloids8. There is a heterocyclic ring in the molecular structure of alkaloidsA, oxygen heterocyclic B, nitrogen heterocyclic C, sulfur heterocyclesSix, fill in the blanks Put the best word in the blanks1, according to the number of _ kinds of terpenoids and the terpenoids divided into monoterpene _, _, _ four terpene and dolichol etc.2, the biosynthesis of triterpenoids in 2 ways: _ and _.3, citric acid, camphor is _ compounds; gibberellin is _ compound, Du Zhongjiao, is _ rubber compounds.4, the biosynthesis of phenolic compounds in _ and _.5, in plants, the content of organic compounds in second place is _, second only to cellulose.6, because of its alkaline alkaloid has contained a _.7, lignin is _ compounds, anthocyanins belong to _ compounds.8, many kinds of flower pigments, but _ has the same structure, structural differences between the various flower pigment is in _. The same flower pigment color has changed, is _ in acidic condition, alkaline condition is _.9, the physiological significance of the shikimate pathway is _, _, _.10, alkaloid is a kind of _ compound, which is derived from _ plant metabolic intermediates _, so the application can increase the content of _.11, the beginning of lignin biosynthesis is _.Seven. Questions and answers1. The classification, species and biosynthetic pathway of terpenoids were discussed.2. The biosynthetic pathway of lignin is briefly reviewed.3. To illustrate the important terpenoid and its physiological significance in plants.The fifth chapter refers to the answer:I. in English translation1, 2, 3 terpenoid monoterpene, three terpene, 4 5 dolichol and 6 phenols, flavonoids, lignin 7, 8, 10, 9 alkaloids secondary products of sesquiterpene, diterpene 11 12, 13, 14 sterol mevalonic acid, anthocyanins 15, 16, 17, nicotine glycosidase cyanogenic glycoside 18, glucosinolatesTwo. Chinese to English translation1, terpene 2, secondary product 3, diterpene 4, sesq