个人收集整理 仅供参考学习讲义 Unit 1 Discovering yourselfActive reading (1) Catching crabsPara. 11. get ones heads down: concentrate and focus on studying 埋头学习，专心学习2. attendance: n. 出席；参加；出席人数 e.g. There is a large attendance today. 今天出勤率高。同族：attend v. 参加，出席；照顾，护理；注意 attention n. 注意(力)3. No one wanted the humiliation of finishing last in class, so the peer group pressure to work hard was strong. Libraries which were once empty after five oclock in the afternoon were standing room only until the early hours of the morning, and guys wore the bags under their eyes and their sleepy faces with pride, like medals proving their diligence. 译文：我们谁都不想考全班倒数第一，那也太丢人了，因此同学们之间的竞争压力特别大。以前每天下午五点以后，图书馆就空无一人了，现在却要等到天快亮时才会有空座，小伙子们熬夜熬出了眼袋，他们脸色苍白，睡眼惺忪，却很自豪，好像这些都是表彰他们勤奋好学的奖章。peer group pressure: 同学们之间的竞争压力standing room only: 仅有站立的空间，即没有空座位，常用于体育、交通wear the bags under ones eyes: 熬夜熬出了眼袋Para. 24. At the back of everyones mind was what we would do next, when we left university in a few months time.解析：本句是复合句，句子主干为：At the back of everyones mind was what we would do next，其应用了完全倒装，表示方向或地点的介词短语提前，主谓完全倒装；when在句中引导时间状语从句。at/in the back of ones mind: 在脑海深处；在内心深处5. It wasnt always the high flyers with the top grades who knew what they were going to do. Quite often it was the quieter, less impressive students who had the next stages of their life mapped out. 译文：并不总是那些心怀抱负、成绩拔尖的高材生才清楚自己将来要做什么，常常是那些平日里默默无闻的同学早早为自己下几个阶段的人生做好了规划。the high flyers with the top grades: Those who have achieved a lot and have the ability and determination to continue to be successful in their studies or job 心怀抱负、成绩拔尖的高材生impressive: a. 给人深刻印象的 同族：impress vt. 留下印象；使印象深刻 impression n. 印象map out: plan in detail 详细计划，规划6. One had landed a job in his brothers advertising firm in Madison Avenue, another had got a script under provisional acceptance in Hollywood. 译文：有位同学在位于麦迪逊大道他哥哥的广告公司得到了一份工作，另一位同学写的电影脚本已经与好莱坞草签了合约。land a job: get a job that one wantedprovisional: a. 临时的；暂时性的= casual, occasional, temporary同族：provide vt. 提供；准备；规定 provision n. 供应；规定；条款7. The most ambitious student among us was going to work as a party activist at a local level. We all saw him ending up in the Senate or in Congress one day. 译文：我们当中野心最大的一位同学准备到地方上当一个政党活动家，我们都预料他最终会当上参议员或国会议员。ambitious: a. 有野心的；有抱负的；要求高的，需付出极大努力的同族：ambition n. 野心；雄心；抱负party activist: 政党活动家end up in: 在地方结束；以告终congress: n. 美国国会；大会词根：con (together 一起) + gress (walk 行走)一起去集合；集会国会；代表大会同族：congressman n. 国会议员；众议院议员同根：progress n. 进步 aggressive a. 挑衅的；侵略性的；积极的；有进取心的归类：the National Peoples Congress 全国人民代表大会 the American Congress 美国国会8. look to: count on 指望；照看= look after, take care ofPara. 39. criticize: v. 批评；评论同族：criticism n. 批评 critical a. 批评的；评论的；危急的10. think of: 考虑；思考；认为Para. 811. assume: v. 以为，想当然；认为；假定，假设；承担Para. 1012. brace oneself for: prepare oneself for 做好(心理)准备 13. resistance: n. 抵制，反对；抵抗力考点：resistance to 对的阻力：The firm has to overcome its resistance to new technology. 这家公司必须克服对采用新技术的阻力。同族：resist v. 抵抗，反抗；忍得住 resistant a. (to)抵抗的；有抵抗力的Para. 1414. kind of: sort of, somewhat, a little, to some degree, to some extent 有点儿，稍微，在某种程度上 警：kind of不是a kind of的简写，二者无关。Para. 1615. at the moment: 此刻，目前，现在 at that moment: 在那时16. find out: figure out 找出，发现，查明Para. 1917. set off: set out, set forth, start out, start off 出发，动身Para. 2018. switch off: turn off关闭，切断，关掉反义：switch on: turn on开启，接通19. pick up: 捡起；获得；学会；得(病)20. attached: 系上，缚上；在此处作后置定语，修饰限定ropePara. 2121. give sb. a hand: help sb. 帮助某人22. haul up: 把拖上来Para. 2223. It wasnt just that but:not onlybut also结构的变形，详见P12,练习424. take off: 拿掉；脱衣；起飞；打折Para. 2325. brim with: be full of, be filled with 充溢；充满警：brim是不及物动词，故不能像fill with一样用被动形式。26. dozens of: lots of, heaps of, large quantities of, scores of 许多Para. 2527. just as: just when 正当时候；此处just来修饰连词as，加强语气，不是复合连词just as“正如”28. reach out: 伸出；联系29. without luck: with success 没成功Para. 2730. Not only did the crab give up its lengthy struggle to escape, but it actually began to help stop other crabs trying to escape. 解析：but : not only提前，其引导的句子要用部分倒装形式，but (also)引导的句子不倒装。to escape为不定式作后置定语，修饰限定struggle；trying to escape为现在分词短语作后置定语，修饰限定crabs。Para. 2831. suggest doing sth.: 建议做某事（回忆一下能接动名词的那几十个动词）32. figure out: find out 理解；明白；想出；work out 计算出；解决33. productive: a. beneficial 富有成效的，得益的；rich 富饶的，多产的同族：produce v. 生产n. 农产品 production n. 生产 product: n. 产品第28段参考译文：我忽然明白了父亲为什么提议早上来抓螃蟹。他看着我说：“你可别被别人拽下来哦。花点时间想想你是哪一类人，你这一生希望得到什么，回顾一下你在大学修的课程，想想有哪些课对你个人来说最有益。然后再想想什么对你最重要，什么最使你感兴趣，你有什么技能。琢磨一下你想在哪里生活，你想去哪里，想挣多少钱，想做什么样的工作。如果你现在不能回答这些问题，你就得花点时间去找出答案。你不这样做的话，永远都不会幸福的。”Para. 3234. Better get you a passport. Meaning: Youd better get you a passport.Key to Exercises in Active reading (1) Reading and understanding3 Choose the best summary of what happened in the crab cage.3 4 Choose the best answer