安徽大学 硕士学位论文 资源枯竭型城市的环境保护政策研究 以铜陵市为例 姓名：袁明 申请学位级别：硕士 专业：公共管理 指导教师：王辉 2010-03 安徽大学 MPA 硕士学位论文 资源枯竭型城市的环境保护政策研究 III 摘摘 要要 改革开放 30 多年来，中国在取得经济快速发展辉煌业绩的同时，环境问题 却日益恶化，已影响到整个国家的经济发展和国际形象。当前，我国不少地区已 进入人均 GDP 由 3000 美元向 7000 美元攀升的重要阶段。 国内外发展经验表明， 这一阶段， 既是工业化、 城市化、 国际化发展的加速期， 又是环境污染的高峰期， 环境与发展的矛盾将会日益凸显。就资源枯竭型城市来说，其产业结构往往呈现 出高耗能、高污染、高消费的特征，环境污染相对更重，历史和社会包袱相对更 大，面临着环境保护和城市转型的双重压力。加强对资源枯竭型城市的环境保护 政策的研究，促进资源枯竭型城市的环境改善，对于探索和推动环境保护的“重 点突破”意义重大。 铜陵市作为典型的资源枯竭型城市， 环保形势十分严峻， 2008 年， 人均 GDP 已经突破 6000 美元，在全省各市的综合排名中，经济实力排名第 4 位，而环境 和资源保护却排在全省倒数第 3 位。 作为国家第二批资源枯竭型城市转型的试点 城市，城市转型为根本改善环境问题带来了重大机遇。 本文从研究环境保护政策的发展状况入手，通过实证分析的方法，着重研究 了资源枯竭型城市铜陵存在的突出环境问题和造成问题的原因， 剖析了铜陵环境 保护政策的不足。在此基础上，从规范公共政策、提高政策实效的视角出发，结 合铜陵经济社会发展的状况，提出了创新环境保护政策的总体思路、基本原则和 具体建议。认为铜陵必须要抓住资源枯竭型城市转型这一历史性重大机遇，在城 市转型过程中，牢固树立“以人为本、环保优先”的理念，通过环境保护政策的创 新，采取积极主动的干预措施，引导城市转型的方向，从而从根本上改善环境质 量。 创新环境保护政策要兼顾政策的远期与近期成效， 并注重建立长效保障机制。 近期要抓主抓重，将铜陵当前最为突出、也是人民群众最为关心的环境问题 大气污染作为环境保护工作的重点和突破口，不断创新环境保护政策，指导产业 升级、结构调整，推进铜陵经济转型、体制转轨、环境转优，开辟一条具有铜陵 特色的可持续发展之路。本文对资源枯竭型城市环境保护政策的研究，不仅对铜 陵环境保护工作实践具有指导意义， 而且可为同类型的资源枯竭型城市创新环境 保护政策提供思路，具有较大的实践及理论意义。 关键词关键词: 资源枯竭型城市资源枯竭型城市 环境保护环境保护 铜陵铜陵 安徽大学 MPA 硕士学位论文 资源枯竭型城市的环境保护政策研究 IV Abstract For more than three decades since reform and opening up, China has made splendid achievement in economy, but environment problem is getting worsen and has already affected the economic growth and international image of the entire country. At present，the per capital GDP is increasing from 3000 $ to 7000 $ in many area in China. Development experience has indicated home and abroad, the contradict between the environment and the development will be gradually protruding. During this period, industrialization、urbanization and internationalization develop increasingly , but environmental pollution reaches a peak. As for a resource-exhausted city, industrial set-up sometimes displays characteristic of high consumption on energy ,high contamination and high consumption , environmental pollution is relatively more heavier, history and the society pressure are relatively bigger, as a result ,it confronts with double pressure of environmental protection and the city transformation .It is significant to probe and drive “priority breakthrough “ of environment protection that reinforce the research on environmental protection policy of resource-exhausted city, promote environment improvement of resource-exhausted city. Tongling city as a representative resource-exhausted city, environmental protection is very austere. In 2008, the per capital GDP had already broken 6000 $ , synthetical row in whole province cities, the economic strength is the 4th , but the environment and resource protection count 3rd backwards in the whole province. As the experimental city of the second transformation of resource-exhausted cities, the city transformation has brought significant opportunity for improvement of the environment problem. This paper starts with the development of environmental protection policy, by the method of empirical analysis , emphasize outstanding environmental problem of resource-exhausted cityTongling City and the cause that bring about the problem ,and makes analysis on the deficiency of Tongling City of environmental protection policy. Based of this, the article starts with the perspective of controling public policy and improving actual policy effect, puts forward general thought， fundamental principle and concrete suggestion of the innovation of environmental protection policy, according to economic and social development situation of 安徽大学 MPA 硕士学位论文 资源枯竭型城市的环境保护政策研究 V Tongling City. The standpoint of the article is that Tongling city must seize significant historic opportunity of the transformation of resource-exhausted city, in the process of city transformation ， set up the idea of people-oriented and environmental protection priority, by the innovation of environmental protection policy , take active and initiative measures, guide the direction of city transformation, thereby improve environmental quality essentially. That the innovation of environmental protection policy should consider forward and recent policy effect , and build guarantee mechanism of long-term effect. Recently Tongling city must grasp the main and the importance, take air pollution as key point and breach in environmental protection-environmental problem that both Tongling city lays stress on most currently and the people is concerned with most, innovate environmental protection policy unceasingly, guide industrial upgrading and structural adjustment, promote economy transformation , optimize environment and system is transfered to a different track , open up a road of sustainable development of characteristics of Tongling city. In the paper, the research on the environment protection policy of resource-exhausted city, not only has instructive significance to the practice of environmental protecti