密级： 学校代码：10075 分类号： 学 号：20090548 文学硕士学位论文 歌唱空间与内心自由的语言 -丽塔达夫诗歌中的“第三空间” 学 位 申 请 人 ：于志学 指 导 教 师：张士民 教授 学 位 级 别：文学硕士 学 科 专 业：英语语言文学 授 予 单 位：河北大学 答 辩 日 期：二一二年五月 Classified Index: CODE: 10075 U.D.C: NO: 20090548 A Dissertation for the Degree of M. Arts Language Eulogizing Space and Inner Freedom: “Thirdspace” in Rita Doves Poetry Candidate: Yu Zhixue Supervisor: Prof. Zhang Shimin Academic Degree Applied for: Master of Arts Specialty: English Language and Literature University: Hebei University Date of Oral Examination: May, 2012 Abstract I Abstract Rita Dove is the first African-American to be appointed to the position of U.S. poet laureate and the second African-American to win the Pulitzer Prize. She breaks new ground for poetic creation. As a black female poet, Dove does not speak with a sharp critical voice against the male- and whites-dominated culture and tradition, but crosses national, racial and gender boundaries, paying close attention to humanity in the broadest sense. Doves broad horizons of crossing cultures and boundaries help to shape her characteristic poetic space of cosmopolitanism. Therefore, the scholars at home and abroad study Rita Dove from different perspectives, with the spatial approach attracting peoples attention most. This thesis, based on “Thirdspace” theory developed by Edward W. Soja, carries out a systematical study of spatial forms and ideological contents of Rita Doves poetry, for the purpose of exploring the characteristic of “Thirdspace” in Doves poetry. “Thirdspace” is a space with extraordinary openness and all-inclusiveness, which differs from, contains and transcends physical (First-) and mental (Second-) space. Doves poetry from the view of “Thirdspace” presents much broader imagined space and complete inner freedom, for in “Thirdspace”, the closed system of physical space is open, the imagined mental space is completely free, the binary opposition like black and white, male and female, center and margin, etc. is entirely broken, and different cultural groups universally cross boundaries, coexist in a cultural reorientation and reteritorialization and negotiate freely with one another, which fully indicates that Doves poetry is language eulogizing space and inner freedom. Chapter 1 is an introduction, which makes an overall picture of the paper. Chapter 2 sets up the theoretical framework of thesis, where the connotation of Edward W. Sojas “Thirdspace” theory is briefly introduced, and the characteristics of transcultural space and “Thirdspace” reflected from Doves poetry are generally explained. Chapter 3 analyzes spatial forms of Rita Doves poetry in relation to “Thirdspace” from the techniques of expression like dimensions of spatiotemporal relations, physical space beyond confinements and mental space beyond cultural fixations. Chapter 4 deeply interprets ideological contents Abstract II of Doves poetry in relation to “Thirdspace” in terms of racial space renegotiated, gender space mediated, transcultural space syncretized and humanity space revisioned, which fully mirrors Doves broad horizon as a cosmopolitan poet. Chapter 5 draws a conclusion that Dove constructs “Thirdspace” in her own way, i.e. she speaks the universal humanity with the voice of a world citizen, and brings personal, racial and national experiences into the broader prospect of world culture. Key words Rita Dove Poetry Thirdspace Transcultural Space Inner Freedom 摘 要 III 摘 要 丽塔达夫是第一位非裔美国桂冠诗人，也是第二位荣获普利策奖的美国黑人女作 家，她在诗歌创作实践上开辟了新的领域。作为黑人女诗人，达夫并没有对男权社会和 白人文化传统进行猛烈抨击，而是跨越民族、种族和性别界限，从最广泛的意义上关注 人性。这种跨文化跨界限的开阔视野塑造了她独特的世界主义诗学空间。国内外学者分 别从不同角度关注达夫诗歌， 其中， 空间视角最引入瞩目。 本文基于爱德华 索亚的 “第 三空间”理论，对达夫诗歌的空间形式和思想内容进行深入分析，旨在探讨丽塔达夫 诗歌“第三空间”的独特品格。 “第三空间”是一个彻底开放、无所不包、既不同于物 理（第一）空间也不同于精神（第二）空间，但又包容两者，进而超越两者的空间。 “第 三空间”视角下达夫诗歌呈现出更广阔的想象空间和内心的彻底自由，在“第三空间” 里，封闭的物理空间彻底开放、想象的精神空间完全自由，黑人-白人、男性-女性、中 心-边缘等二元对立关系被彻底打破，不同文化群体普遍地跨越界限，通过文化再定位 和再疆域化和谐共存、自由对话。这充分说明“第三空间”视角下达夫诗歌是歌唱空间 与内心自由的语言。 本文第一章为引言，概括了论文的整体结构；第二章介绍了爱德华索亚的“第三 空间”理论的涵义，并概述了达夫诗歌的跨文化空间和“第三空间”特征；第三章从时 空关系维度、超越界限的物理空间、突破固定文化模式的精神空间方面阐述了达夫诗歌 中与“第三空间”相关的空间形式；第四章围绕重新协商的种族空间、自由和谐的性别 空间、 多元融合的跨文化空间和重新幻想的人性空间方面深入研究达夫诗歌 “第三空间” 的思想内容，进一步展现了达夫的“世界主义”诗人胸怀；第五章总结丽塔达夫在诗 歌中构建了自己的“第三空间” ，即以一个“世界公民”的声音关注人性，把个人的、 种族的和民族的经历纳入到更广阔的世界文化远景之中。 关键词 丽塔达夫 诗歌 第三空间 跨文化空间 内心自由 Contents IV Contents Chapter 1 Introduction1 1.1 A Bio-Critical Introduction to Rita Dove1 1.2 Literature Review of Rita Doves Poetry3 1.3 Significance and Methodology of the Research5 Chapter 2 A “Thirdspace” Approach