非谓语动词 Non-predicate Verbs 高三英语总复习高三英语总复习 非 谓 语 不定式（to do) 分词 动名词（-ing) 过去分词(-ed) 现在分词(-ing) - Ing形式 一：构成 -ed形式 1.谓语动词： 2. 非谓语动词： 在句子中担任谓语的动词 是动词的特殊形式，在句中可以 作除谓语外的所有成分(通俗地说 ，就是不能作谓语的动词变形） 二 ：谓语动词与非谓语动词 判别谓语动词及非谓语动词的方法 1. 1. She got off the bus, She got off the bus, _ _ (leave) her handbag on her seat.(leave) her handbag on her seat. 2. She got off the bus, 2. She got off the bus, butbut _ _ (leave) her handbag on her seat.(leave) her handbag on her seat. leaving left 非谓语动词使用条件非谓语动词使用条件 一个句子一个句子当中，当中，已经存在一个已经存在一个主句主句（谓语动词）（谓语动词）, ,又没有又没有 连词连词的情况下的情况下, , 还有别的动词出现时。还有别的动词出现时。 由此可见，连词在决定句子结构以及谓语动词和 非谓语动词的使用中起着关键的作用。 1.The man took out the key, _ (open) the door and entered the room. 2. The man sat there, _ (read) a book. 3. _ (work) hard, and you will succeed. 4. The question _ (discuss) at the meeting yesterday is of great importance. 5. _(improve) his spoken English, Mr. Zhang goes to the English corner every Saturday. opened reading Work discussed To improve 非谓语 动词 主语宾语表语定语宾补状语 不定式 动名词 现在分词 过去分词 三 ：非谓语动词的句法作用 1 The teachers sitting there are from other schools. 表语 2 We saw some teachers sitting there. 宾语补足语 3 We need to be active in class. 宾语 谓语 宾语 主语 定语连系动词 4. To see you is glad. =Its glad to see you. 5. I want to see you. 6. I want him to see you. 7. My hope is to see you. 8. He is the man to see you. 9. Im glad to see you. 10. I went to see you. 11. He went so early as to see you. （作主语） (作宾语） （作宾补） (作表语） （作定语） （作原因状语） （作目的状语） （作结果状语） 12.Swimming is his favorite sport. 13.He enjoys swimming. 14.I found him swimming in the river. 15.His favorite sport is swimming. 16.He is the man swimming in the river just now. 17. Swimming in Summer ,we can get cool. ( ( 作主语作主语) ) ( (作宾语作宾语) ) ( (作宾补作宾补) ) ( (作表语作表语) ) ( (作状语作状语) ) ( (作定语作定语) ) 动词不定式 一. 动词不定式的基本构成 由不定式符号to加动词原形构成。其否定式由not+不定式构成 主动态被动态 一般式 完成式 进行式 完成进行式 to do to be done to have done to have been done to be doing to have been doing 1. 1. 不定式的动作与谓语动词不定式的动作与谓语动词同时发生时同时发生时，或，或之后之后发生用一般时态发生用一般时态 1) He wanted 1) He wanted _ (see) you. (see) you. 2) I hope 2) I hope _(see) you again. 2. 2. 强调不定式的动作强调不定式的动作正在进行时正在进行时，用进行时态，用进行时态 When I came in, he pretended When I came in, he pretended (read) a book. a book. 3. 3. 强调强调 不定式的动作不定式的动作在谓语动词之前在谓语动词之前发生时，用不定式完成时发生时，用不定式完成时 He is said He is said _ (write) a novel last year. a novel last year. 4. 4. 强调动作从过去某时开始，一直延续到现在，并可能持续下去强调动作从过去某时开始，一直延续到现在，并可能持续下去 时，用时，用完成进行式完成进行式 She is said She is said (work) on the problem on the problem for many years. for many years. to see to see to be reading to have written to have been workingto have been working 二.不定式时态的用法不定式时态的用法 当不定式的当不定式的逻辑主语逻辑主语是不定式的是不定式的承受者承受者时，用时，用 被动语态被动语态 It is an honor for me _(ask) to It is an honor for me _(ask) to speak here .speak here . She asked _ (send) to work in She asked _ (send) to work in Tibet .Tibet . The book is said _ The book is said _ (translate) into English.(translate) into English. to be sentto be sent to have been translatedto have been translated 三.不定式被动语态的用法不定式被动语态的用法 to be askedto be asked 1. Tom happened _ (pass) by when they spoke ill of him. 2. We all hope _ (become) scientists. 3. We all want _ (take) part in the sports meet. 4. I happened _ (read) the article when he asked me about it. 5. He pretended _ (be) a driver. 6. When the father came home, the naughty boy pretended _ (do) his homework. to be passing to become to take to have read to be to be doing 7. He is said to 7. He is said to _ (write) a novel now.a novel now. be writingbe writing 8. He is said _ (send) to London already. 9. She is said _ (meet) a fairy one day. 10. Alice is said _ (do) her homework in her own room now. 11. I dont expect them _ (wait) for me when I arrived there so late. 12. These boys are said _ (praise) for doing goods deeds. to have been sent to have met to be doing to be waiting to be praised 动词不定式 To do that sort of thing is foolish。 I want to see you this evening All you have to do is to finish it quickly. We found a house to live in. She came here to study English. I warned the patient not to eat cold water after the operation. 主语 宾语 表语 定语 状语 宾补 1.作主语 To see is to believe Not to get there in time is your fault. 注：常用it做形式主语，将to do放在位于 之后，使句子保持平衡。 句型1：It + 谓语 + to do It takes us an hour _ (get )there by bus. 句型2：Its + n. + to do Its our duty _ (help) the poor. It is a great enjoyment _ (spen