华侨大学 硕士学位论文 小净距交叠隧道群开挖动力响应特性研究 姓名：林丽群 申请学位级别：硕士 专业：结构工程 指导教师：林从谋 20100401 摘 要 I 摘摘 要要 小净距隧道是一种新型的隧道结构形式，同时由于地质和环境条件的 限制，新建隧道与已建好地下构筑物(如：高速公路、铁路隧道)之间形成小 净距交叠这一新型布置形式将会越来越多，因此它将是工程界理论研究的 热点和难点。目前，对小净距交叠隧道群施工力学的研究成果还很少见到 报道。 本文以沈海高速公路泉厦段扩建工程中大坪山隧道（4 条）和下穿的城 市隧道（3 条）在空间上构成小净距交叠隧道群为工程背景，制定合理的测 试方案对隧道爆破施工影响进行现场测试。采用精细分析方法、小波分析 和动力有限元工具，对高速公路扩建工程大坪山隧道爆破施工对邻近隧道 群（小净距高速公路既有隧道，交叠城市隧道）的爆破振动影响 特性进行研究。发现并提出了交叠隧道的“横洞效应” ，并对此进行分析研 究。应用小波理论，不仅对小净距交叠隧道群爆破施工时临近隧道的动力 响应特性，包括质点振动速度幅值、能量分布、振动主频和持续时间特性 进行分析，而且对隧道爆破微差延时时间及其对爆破振动的影响进行识别 研究。得到的主要研究成果与结论如下： 1、通过查阅大量的文献资料，系统总结小净距、交叠隧道动力分析中 的若干重要问题的研究进展并且对当前研究中存在的不足和需要解决的若 干关键问题进行讨论。 2、结合工程实际制定各种爆破振动测试方案，对小净距交叠隧道群爆 破振动进行现场测试，获得了大量宝贵的第一手测试数据。 3、通过萨道夫斯基经验公式对现场测试数据进行回归计算，得到新建 摘 要 II 隧道爆破振动速度的衰减规律以及新建隧道爆破开挖时对小净距平行隧道 和交叠隧道的振动影响特性。 4、 采用小波变换的时-能密度法对现场测试时所获得的爆破振动信号进 行微差延时时间的识别，得到了段延时时间随段数和距离变化的规律以及 段延时时间对波形叠加效应的影响。同时运用小波包分析技术研究小净距 交叠隧道的能量分布特征。 5、采用 ANSYS/LS-DYNA 动力有限元程序建立三维实体模型，对隧 道爆破过程进行数值模拟，分析新建隧道掘进爆破对已成洞隧道、平行既 有隧道和交叠隧道的振动影响特性，得到振动速度随距离和时间变化的特 性曲线和在各个隧道断面上的分布特性。 关键词：小净距交叠隧道群；爆破振动；精细分析；动力有限元；数值模 拟 关键词：小净距交叠隧道群；爆破振动；精细分析；动力有限元；数值模 拟 摘 要 III Abstract Small spacing tunnel is a new tunnel structure, and because geological and environmental condition limited, a new tunnels arrangement form named small spacing and overlapping will become more and more which is formed by a new tunnel and underground structures in built such as expressway and railway tunnels. Therefore, it will be a hot and difficult theoretical research in engineering field. At present, the construction mechanics research results of the small spacing and overlapping tunnel group are rarely reported. The engineering background of this paper is the small spacing and overlapping tunnel group in space formed by three down-traversing city tunnel and four Da Ping mountain tunnel of the Quan-Xia section expanding project of the Shen-Hai Highway. Making the reasonable testing scheme to make field test about tunnel blasting construction influence. Using precise analysis method、 wavelet analysis and dynamic finite element tools to study the dynamic responsibility of the adjacent tunnel under the blasting construction of the Da Ping mountain tunnel in the expressway expanding project. The transverse gallery effect is found and putted forward to analyze and research. In application of wavelet theory, not only to analyze the dynamic response characteristics(including peak particle vibration velocity, energy distribution, the main frequency of vibration and duration)of the adjacent tunnel under the blasting construction of the group of small spacing and overlapping tunnel, but also to make recognition and research about millisecond delay time of tunnel 摘 要 IV blasting. Some main research results and conclusions are as follows: 1. By looking up lots of references, this paper summarizes systematically some many important problems during the research progress of dynamic analysis for small spacing and overlapping tunnels. 2. In combination with engineering practice, making various testing scheme of blasting vibration to make field test about the blasting vibration of small spacing and overlapping tunnel group, and to obtain a large number of significant first hand test data. 3. By using the empirical formula of M.A. to do regression calculations for the field test data, this paper gets the distance decay of the velocity of the blast vibration for new tunnels and the effect factors for the parallel and overlapping tunnels with small spacing when new tunnels are blasting and excavating. 4. Using the time-energy density method of Wavelet Transform identifies the delay time of millisecond for signals of blast vibration, which gets the discipline the delay time of section changed with the number of sections and distances and the effects caused by the delay time of section for addition of waveforms. At the same time, using technology involving wavelet packet analysis studies the features of energy distribution of small-distance overlapping tunnels. 5. Three-dimensional solid model is established through ANSYS/LS-DYNA Dynamic finite element method. The progress of tunnel blasting is numerically simulated. The vibration effect characteristics of the 摘 要 V cavitated tunnel、parallel existing tunnel and overlapping tunnel is analyze during the development blasting of the new tunnel. The changes characteristic curve with distance and time and distribution characteristic in tunnel section of vibration velocity is obtained. Keywords：the small spacing and overlapping tunnel group; blasting vibration; Fine Analysis; dynamic finite element; numerical simulation 原创性声明原创性声明 本人声明兹呈交的学位论文是本人在导师指导下完成的研究成果。 论文写作中不包含其他人已经发表或撰写过的研究内容，如参考他人或 集体的科研成果，均在论文中以明确的方式说明。本人依法享有和承担 由此论文所产生的权利和责任。 学位论文作者签名：学位论文作者签名： 日期：日期： 学位论文版权使用授权声明学位论文版权使用授权声明 本人同意授权华侨大学有权保留并向国家机关或机构送交学位论文 和磁盘，允许学位论文被查阅和借阅。 论文作者签名：论文作者签名： 指导教师签名：指导教师签名： 签签 名名 日日 期：期： 签签 名名 日日