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2019版高考英语一轮复习语法强化训练(七)助动词、情态动词和虚拟语气基础达标.单句语法填空1(2017北京卷)Samuel, the tallest boy in our class, _ easily reach the books on the top shelf.【答案】can此处表示“班里最高的男孩塞缪尔可以很容易地够到书架顶部的书”,应填can“能够;可以”。2(2017天津卷)My room is a mess, but I _ not clean it before I go out tonight.I can do it in the morning.【答案】need由后面的“I can do it in the morning.”可知,此处表示“没必要今晚打扫”,故need not符合语意。3(2015四川卷)You _ be careful with the camera.It costs!【答案】must考查情态动词的基本用法。句意:你千万要当心这个相机。它价格不菲!从后面It costs!可以推知说话者要求“你”对相机“千万要小心”,此处表示必须,因此要用must。4(2015江苏卷)It might have saved me some trouble if I _ (know) the schedule.【答案】had known句意:如果我早知道这个计划表,可能会给我省去一些麻烦。根据语境和主句中的might have saved可推知,此处表示对过去情况的虚拟,故if引导的条件状语从句中谓语动词用had done结构,故填had known。5(2016北京卷)Why didnt you tell me about your trouble last week?If you _ (tell) me,I could have helped.【答案】had told根据句意和相关信息判断,条件句表示与过去事实相反的假设,此时从句用过去完成时,主句谓语用“情态动词have done”形式。6(2016浙江卷)_ (have) the governments and scientists not worked together, AIDSrelated deaths would not have fallen since their highest in 2005.【答案】Had这是一个省略了从属连词if的虚拟语气句,使用了倒装句式。根据主句的would not have fallen可知,这里是表示对过去的虚拟,故填Had。7(2016全国卷)Truly elegant chopsticks might _ (make) of gold and silver with Chinese characters.【答案】be madechopsticks和make之间是被动关系,应用被动语态,空格前有might,所以用be made。8(2015天津卷)I wish I _ (be) at my sisters wedding last Tuesday, but I was on a business trip in New York then.【答案】had beenwish引导的虚拟语气,与过去事实相反用had done形式表达。.单句改错1(2015四川卷)If you are me, would you talk to them? _ 【答案】arewere根据句意可知,此处为虚拟语气,与现在事实相反,be动词应用were。2(2015全国卷)We must found ways to protect our environment. _ 【答案】foundfind情态动词must后接动词原形。3(2017浙江卷)Without hesitation, I decided to follow them and we did had lots of fun that day. _ 【答案】hadhavedid加强语气,后跟动词原形。4(2016全国卷)I should available any time after school next week. _ 【答案】should后加be助动词后如果跟形容词应该加be。5(2016江苏卷)Therefore,rules should worked out and strictly observed. _ 【答案】should后加be句意:因此,应该制定规则并严格遵守。rules和work out之间是被动关系,故应用被动语态。.单句语法填空1(2018贵州适应性测试)What about Japanese? They dislike the lotus and _ not give it as a gift to Japanese because they regard it as the mourning flower.【答案】do考查时态和主谓一致。结合语境可知,该句陈述的是一般常识,应用一般现在时,且主语为they,故该空用助动词do。2(2018安徽江淮十校联考)As the deadline is drawing near, no one _ leave with his own work uncompleted.【答案】shall句意:因为截止日期即将到来,不完成工作,任何人不许离开。shall用于第三人称陈述句中,表示命令、警告,符合句意。3(2018湖北四地七校第一次联考)It is high time that you _ (consider) that if there were no stress in your life, you would achieve a little.【答案】considered/should consider在It is high time that.句式中,从句用虚拟语气,即:谓语动词用过去式或should动词原形。4(2018浙江宁波九校联考)So you _ pay attention to sleeplessness.【答案】must/should根据句意可知,此处为给别人提出建议,所以填must/should,表示“务必/应当”。5(2018浙江温州普通高中模拟)I rewired the house and lowered the light switches so that Paul _ reach things.【答案】could根据so that可知,此处表示结果,意为“这样保罗就能够够到了”,故填could。6(2018江西师大附中等五校联考)It has been accepted that all the students _ put on masks before going to school in case they are infected with flu virus.【答案】shall在第三人称作主语的陈述句中,表示规定、制度,应用shall。7(2018浙江杭州地区七校模拟)When you phoned me, I was having a meeting; how I wish I _ (answer) your call.【答案】had answered句意:当你给我打电话的时候,我正在开会。我多么希望我(之前)接了你的电话。wish后的从句中用虚拟语气,根据句意可知是对过去情况的虚拟,所以谓语动词用had done形式。8(2018天津七校联考)I was ill that day, or I _ (take) part in the sports meet.【答案】would have taken由句中or可知此处为含蓄条件句,表示与过去事实相反的假设,故用would have done结构。9I should not have laughed if I _ (think) you were serious.【答案】had thought句意:如果我(当时)认为你是认真的,我就不会笑了。主句中谓语动词使用should not have laughed,表明与过去的事实相反,从句谓语动词应该使用had done形式。10(2018东北三校联考)The order came that the medical supplies _ (send) to the earthquakestricken area soon.【答案】(should) be sent表示建议、要求、命令等的名词suggestion,order,request,advice等的表语从句、同位语从句中谓语动词用(should)动词原形。.单句改错1This experience has been shown that traveling by train actually is the safest way of making journeys. _ 【答案】去掉beenshow和this experience为主动关系,故去掉助动词been。2My father has always go to work by bike since then. _ 【答案】gogone由since then可知该句应用完成时,go的过去分词为gone。3(2018湖北华大联盟高三2月质检)I suggest that the school organizes a cookinglearning activity to teach students to prepare some delicious food. _ 【答案】organizesorganize句中动词suggest表建议,其后跟从句时,从句谓语动词用“should动词原形”,其中should可以省略。4Most citizens in Hong Kong strongly insisted that those who attacked the police with violence were put into prison. _ 【答案】werebe句意:大多数香港市民坚决要求那些用暴力袭击警察的人被关进监狱。insist作“坚持,坚决要求”讲时,其后的宾语从句的谓语用“(should)动词原形”,这里those与put之间存在动宾关系,所以用be put。5(2018南昌十校二模)As a result,I suggest we are given less homework and more time for outofclassroom activities.Only in this way can we live a happy and healthy life. _ 【答案】arebe虚拟语气错误。suggest
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