英语试题 时间：2016.10.07本试卷共7页，三大题，满分120分，考试用时120分钟第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分） 阅读下列短文从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。 AAs Artificial Intelligence (AI) becomes increasingly sophisticated, there are growing concerns that robots could become a threat. This danger can be avoided, according to computer science professor Stuart Russell, if we figure out how to turn human values into a programmable code.Russell argues that as robots take on more complicated tasks. its necessary to translate our morals into AI language.For example, if a robot does chores around the house, you wouldnt want it to put the pet cat in the oven to make dinner for the hungry children. “You would want that robot preloaded with a good set of values,”sad Russell. Some robots are already programmed with basic human values. For example, mobile have been programmed to keep a comfortable distance from humans. Obviously there are cultural differences, but if you were talking to another person and they came up close in your personal space, you wouldnt think thats the kind of thing a properly brought-up person would do.It will be possible to create more sophisticated moral machines, if only we can find a way to set out human values as clear rules. Robots could also learn values from drawing patterns from large sets of data on human behavior. They are dangerous only if programmers are careless.The biggest concern with robots going against human is that human beings fall to do sufficient testing and theyre produced a system that will break some kind of taboo（禁忌）。One simple check would be to program a robot to check the correct course of action with a human when. presented with an unusual situation.If the robot is unsure whether an animal is suitable for the microwave,it has the opportunity to stop,send out beeps(嘟嘟声),and ask for directions from a human.If we humans arent quite sure about a decision,we go and ask somebody else.来源:Z*xx*k.ComThe most difficult step in programming values will be deciding exactly what we believe in moral,and how to create a set of ethical rules.But if we come up with an answer,robots could be good for humanity.来21. What does the author say about the threat of robots?A. It may constitute a challenge to computer progranmersB. It accompanies all machinery involving high technologyC. It can be avoided if human values are translated into their languageD. It has become an inevitable danger as technology gets more sophisticated22. How do robots learn human values?A. By interacting with humans in everyday life situationsB. By following the daily routines of civilized human beingsC. By picking up patterns from massive data on human behaviorD. By imitating the behavior of property brought-up human beings23. What will a well-programmed robot do when facing an unusual situation?A. Keep a distance from possible dangers.B. Stop to seek advice from a human beingC. Trigger(引发）its built-in alarm system at onceD. Do sufficient testing before taking action24. What is most difficult to do when we turn human values into a programmable code?A. Determine what is moral and ethicalB. Design some large-scale experimentsC. Set rules for man-machine interaction BEverywhere I look outside my home I see people busy on their high-tech devices, while driving. walking shopping. even sitting in toilets. When connected electronically, they are away from physical reality.People have been influenced to become technology addicted. One survey reported that“addicted” was the word most commonly used by people to describe their relationship to iPad and similar devices. One study found that people had a harder time resisting the allure of social media than they did for sleep, cigarettes and alcohol.The main goal of technology companies is to get people to spend more money and time on their products, not to actually improve our quality of life. They have successfully created a culture disease Consumers willingly give up their freedom. money and time to catch up on the latest information, to keep pace with their peers or to appear modern.I see people trapped in a pathological（病态的）relationship with time-sucking technology, where they serve technology more than technology serves them. I call this technology servitude . I am referring to a loss of personal freedom and independence because of uncontrolled consumption of many kinds of devices that eat up time and money.What is a healthy use of technology devices? That is the vital question. Who is really in charge of my life? That is what people need to ask themselves if we are to have any chance of breaking up false beliefs about their use of technology. When we can live happily without using so much technology and discover what there is to enjoy in life free of technology. Mae West is famous for the wisdom that“too much of a good thing is wonderful.”