湘潭大学 硕士学位论文 数字档案馆小众化信息服务研究理念与保障 姓名：王广宇 申请学位级别：硕士 专业：图书馆学 指导教师：肖文建 20080508 I 摘 要 小众化现象在公共信息传播业中已普遍存在。 小众化信息服务由于尊重用户和用户 信息素质、具有交流的全方位和多元性、较强的环境适应性和一定的启迪性、教育性等 诸多优点，较之大众化和个性化信息服务更有利于实现信息资源的最优配置，更有助于 增强包括数字档案馆在内的信息服务机构的市场竞争力。 同时， 由于档案信息存在密级， 具有原始记录性等特征，本质上也要求实施小众化信息服务。 国外部分数字档案馆中已有小众化信息服务的特征和萌芽， 也有提出分级分类信息 服务或加强用户交流的相关研究。 而国内学者和专家虽然越来越重视数字档案馆信息服 务的“用户中心”模式，但对其信息服务理念研究主要集中于个性化服务，且现有的数 字档案馆信息服务实践大多还属于“资源中心”型的大众化模式理念。本研究课题旨在 论证小众化理念对于优化和提升数字档案馆信息服务的作用，并从法制、技术以及伦理 等方面研究如何对数字档案馆小众化信息服务予以保障， 以期推动信息服务的理念和方 法创新，提升数字档案馆信息服务质量和效益。 文章首先阐释说明小众化信息服务的概念及内涵， 并通过与大众化及个性化信息服 务分别进行比较，论证小众化理念在信息服务中的现实价值；然后在分析我国数字档案 馆信息服务现状的基础上，论述小众化信息服务之于数字档案馆的特殊意义及特点，并 在模式借鉴的基础上尝试数字档案馆小众化信息服务的逻辑架构；接着从法律制度、技 术、伦理以及评价机制等方面探讨如何保障数字档案馆小众化信息服务；最后实证分析 美、英国家数字档案馆信息服务的小众化现象的特点与不足。 文章的创新之处主要有：深化了小众化信息服务理念的内涵，引申出“族群”平台 内的多向信息交流；比较论述了小众化理念之于大众化和个性化在信息服务中的优势； 论证了小众化理念对于数字档案馆信息服务的必要性和优越性； 总结了大量网络信息交 流模式，为数字档案馆小众化信息服务的逻辑架构提供借鉴；全面系统阐述了数字档案 馆小众化信息服务的保障问题； 从道德与利益关系的视角考察小众化信息服务的伦理问 题；分析了美、英两国数字档案馆信息服务的案例，以便数字档案馆在实践小众化的信 息服务时用以学习与借鉴。 关键词：数字档案馆； 信息服务； 小众化服务； 信息服务理念； 信息服务保障 II Abstract Cluster is a ubiquitous phenomenon in mass media industry. Because of its advantages of user-respected character with their information quality caring, omni-directional and multi-subjective information exchange, well adaptability to environment as well as some kinds of edificational and instructional function, Cluster-oriented information service is more advantageous in deploying information resources, and is more helpful to enhance the market competition power of information service organizations such as digital archives than Mass-oriented and Individuation-oriented services. And on the other hand, digital archives need to offer Cluster-oriented information service essentially for the original and historic characteristics of record information with the existence of secrecy rank. Some overseas digital archives have already had some symptoms of Cluster-oriented information service, and a few related studies has also proposed information service ideas of grade classification or how to strengthen users information exchange. Domestic scholars and experts, although have paid more attention to User-oriented modes in digital archives information services, focus mainly on Individuation-oriented information service, and some digital archives are still practising with a Resources-oriented service which belongs to Mass-oriented Ideas. This research aims to demonstrate the effect of Cluster-oriented Ideas in optimizing and promoting digital archives information service, and seeks to guarantee Cluster-oriented information services in digital archives from aspects of law and management system, technic, ethics and so on, in order to impel by time impetus ideas and methods innovation in information service, and to promote the quality and efficiency of digital archives information service as well. This article explains the concept and connotation of Cluster-oriented information service first, and analyzes its practical value in information services by comparing with Mass Ideas and Individuation Ideas respectively; And then, based on analysis of the actuality of digital archives information service in our country, demonstrates the special significance and the characteristics of Cluster-oriented information services in digital archives, and sets forth a logical construction with Cluster-oriented Ideas in digital archives by reference of other information service patterns; Next, probes into guarantees of Cluster-oriented information services in digital archives from aspects of law and management system, technic, ethics and evaluation mechanism; And finally analyzes the Cluster-oriented characteristics of Americas and Britishs national digital archives with their disadvantages as well. Main innovation points of this article: Deepens the connotation of Cluster-oriented III information service ideas as well as sets forth a multi-communication platform called Cluster; demonstrates the advantages of Cluster-oriented Ideas in information services by comparing it with Mass and Individuation ones respectively; Presents the necessity and superiority of Cluster-oriented Ideas in digital archives information service; Summarizes quite a few of network communication patterns as references for a logical construction of digital archives Cluster-oriented information service; Gives a systematical analysis on guarantees of Cluster-oriented information services in digital archives; Surveys the ethical matters in Cluster-oriented information service from angle of view of relationships between moral and interest; Analyzes cases of information services in Americas and Britishs national digital archives for learning and references in digital archives information service practice based on Cluster-oriented Ideas. Keywords: Digital archives；Information service；Cluster-Oriented service；Information service idea； Information service guarantee VI