.word可编辑.英语阅读一 综合作业I Read each of the following paragraphs and decide what the topic is. Then decide on the general statement (the main idea) the author makes about the topic. 10*3（30分）1. What exactly is a network? In the world of computers, a network simply means two or more computers linked together in some way. This allows people in different places to communicate with each other and to share data and resources. For example, a school or an office might have a big central computer, called a server. It stores various programs and files. If someone on the network, using another computer, wants to use one of the files on the server, his or her computer would retrieve that file from the server.Topic:Main idea:2. Forests are not just important for timber. A forest acts like a giant sponge, absorbing rainfall and preventing it from running away into rivers. It then releases the water slowly by evaporation from its leaves. This helps to stabilize the rainfall of areas downwind from the forest. Forest cover also prevents the soil being eroded (worn away) and silting up rivers and lakes. By holding back the water, the forest prevents disastrous flooding further downstream. Topic: Main idea:3. Whenever you hear a sound, find out where it comes from and what causes it. We make sounds by making things move to-and-fro. This to-and-fro movement is called vibration. It means moving up and down or forwards and backwards very fast. These vibrations cause the air to vibrate. This makes sound waves. Topic: Main idea: II. Guess the meaning of the words according to the context. (20分)10*21. Whales are enormous animals. You can not imagine how big some whales are.A. huge B. funny C. strong2. Alcohol is somewhat addictive, so be careful when you take it. Dont take too much.A. poisonous B. habit-forming C. healthful3I usually browse through the newspapers when I have my breakfast. A. read quickly B. read seriously C. read carefully4There has been a boom in exports this year; the increase is tremendousA. fall B. growth C. mistake5 He is very lean and thus weak, compared with other girls in the class.A. pretty B. ugly C. thin6. Famous for her big smile, she has a cheerful disposition.A. method B. disposal C. character7. She is very grumpy when her tooth aches. Yesterday, her tooth ached again, and she quarreled with her friend over a very unimportant thing.A. excited B. careful C. bad-tempered8. With reluctance the boy went to see a doctor with his father.A. Impatiently B. Unwillingly C. Immediately9. The woman teachers melodious voice attracted the students attention.A. melancholy B. interesting C. pleasant10. Dont judge a man by the company he keeps, sometimes he may have friends who are very different from him.A. organization B. business firm C. friendsIII Reading Comprehension: (50分) 10*5Passage One How did computing machines begin and develop? The answer to this question is fairly clear. The first computing machine, in use more than 5 000 years ago, was the fingers and hands of people. But this useful and natural computing machine was not equal to keeping track of all the numbers that people needed from time to time. People needed bigger numbers than hands could show; and they needed to be able to store and remember numbers, without always keeping their fingers in certain positions. So other ideas and devices appeared. The next idea was to use small stones or shells, seeds or beads, to count with. Then a person could talk about some large number (of chickens in a flock or sheep in a herd) as the number of beads on his string, even if he had no simple name for the number. However, people found it troublesome to count only in units, one by one. So, very early, in ancient Egypt, another idea appeared. This was the idea of choosing a new unit equal to 10 of the old units. Clearly, this idea comes from the fact that a man has 10 fingers; and so a person could talk about the number 76 by referring to all the fingers of seven men and six more fingers on one more man. In order to handle numbers in the form of a set of counted things, it is helpful to have a fixed place in which to lay them out. Such a place may be a smooth piece of ground, a flat piece of stone, or a board. It is helpful to arrange lines to mark off placesone place for units, another place for tens, a third place for tens of tens (or hundreds), and so on. But it is not very convenient to use a board: among other reasons, often when you move the board, the counters fall off. So why not use a frame with little sticks, put holes through the counters, and string them as beads on the sticks in the frame? This simple invention makes a widely useful machine for figuring, the abacus. It is still the most common computing machine an