第七章第七章 阅读理解阅读理解 要点点拨要点点拨 阅读理解题的解题步骤 阅读理解题主要考查学生的认知 阅读 理解能 力以及判断分析和逻辑推理能力 阅读理解是提高英 语整体能力的重要有效途径 阅读是理解的基础 因 此 要大量地阅读不同的题材的文章 在逐步加快阅 读速度的同时 也能掌握更多的阅读技巧 阅读可以 按以下几步进行 1 通读全文 掌握文章大意 2 仔细阅读问题 带着问题在文中找到相应的语句 获取关键信息 并画线 标号 圈重点 将可从短文中 直接获取的答案找出来 并选出选项 3 分析 判断 对比 选出选项中符合题意的正确 答案 4 如遇生词 在平时训练的时候 可将关键词拿到 字典中去查阅 并做好单词积累 考试的时候 尽可能 地根据上下文猜测词意 理解文章 考点精析考点精析 考点考点1 考查阅读短文 然后单项填空考查阅读短文 然后单项填空 例1 阅读短文 根据短文内容 选出正确的选项 One day Mr and Mrs White go shopping by car They stop their car near a shop They buy many things from the shop And the things are very heavy so they want to put them in their car But Mr White can t open the door of the car Let s ask a policeman for help says Mrs White They ask a policeman to help them The policeman is very friendly to help them open the door of the car At that time a man comes up and shouts What are you doing with my car Mr and Mrs White look at the number of the car then they say sorry to the man 1 Mr and Mrs White go shopping A by bike B by bus C by car 2 They want to A put the heavy things into their car B carry the things home C ask a policeman to carry the things for them 3 Mr White can t open the door of the car A but Mrs White can B but a policeman can C but soon they open it 4 helps them open the door of the car A An old man B A young woman C A policeman 5 They look at and they know they are wrong A the policeman B the man C the number of the car 解析 这是最常见的一种阅读理解的题型 根据 前面的方法介绍 先读故事 找出故事发生的人物 时间 地点以及故事的起因 经过 结果等要素 然后对照下面每小题的选项 逐步分析 选择答案 第1 2小题可以直接从短文中获取答案 第3小题考 查Mr White 不能直接打开门之后发生的事情 短文 中有一句 The policeman is very friendly to help them open the door of the car 说明了policeman 帮他们打 开了车门 这也是第4小题的答案 第5小题前面部 分在短文中可以找到原文 也是一个简单题 答案 1 C 2 A 3 B 4 C 5 C 考点考点2 考查阅读短文 然后判断对错考查阅读短文 然后判断对错 例2 阅读短文 根据短文内容 判断下列句子的正 T 误 F Dear Gao Shan I m writing to you in my bedroom I miss you and the other classmates in the USA I m studying in a primary school in Atlanta 亚特兰大 I m not good at English My friend Tim is from England He often helps me with my English And I teach him Chinese All of my classmates here are from different countries Peter is English David is Australian Nancy is American She s from New York Mr Black is my teacher He s from Canada My good friend Chen Jie and Wu Yifan are Chinese too They re from Hong Kong We re from different countries but we are friends I will come back this Spring Festival Yours Liu Tao 1 Liu Tao is American 2 Liu Tao often teaches Tim Chinese 3 Peter and David are from the same country 4 Mr Black isn t Chinese He s Japanese 5 Now Liu Tao and his classmates are in America 解析 判断对错的题在短文阅读中是相对简单的 一个题型 但是判断句和原文的不同 常常只在细 节之处呈现 如人名 时间 地点 性别等 甚至 是一个单词的不同 细心是做这种题的关键 另外 本题考查学生对几个常见的国家和国人的名词的掌 握情况 学生对这方面的内容要有所涉及有所掌握 答案 1 F 2 T 3 F 4 F 5 T 考点考点3 考查阅读短文 然后回答问题考查阅读短文 然后回答问题 例3 阅读短文 回答下列问题 Once Goethe 歌德 the great German poet 诗 人 was walking in a park He was thinking about something when he noticed 意识到 he came to a very very narrow road Just at that time a young man came towards him from the other end of the road It was too narrow for both of them to pass through at the same time They stopped and looked at each other for a while Then the young man said rudely 粗鲁地 I never make way 让路 for a fool But Goethe smiled and said I always do Then he turned back quickly and walked towards the end of the road 1 Where was Goethe walking 2 Who came towards Goethe from the other end of the road 3 Was the road too narrow for both of them to pass through at the same time 4 Did the young man make way for Goethe 5 Who turned back quickly and walked towards the end of the road 解析 做此类题 要倒转过来看 先读题目 然 后再带着问题 通读全文 把握文章的意思 再研 究和问题相关的句子或关键词 哪怕是可以找到答 案的原文 也不主张全句照搬 抄写 而是要做到 紧扣问题 简单明了地回答 可能的话 避开语法 点 降低错误率 从而减少失分率 本题难度较大 讲的是大诗人歌德让路的一个 故事 其中对白部分 The young man said rudely I never make way for a fool But Goethe smiled and said I always do 是本篇短文的难点所在 仔细分析 but 一词 以及I always do 的意思 可知他的意思是he always makes way for a fool 且最后他made way for the young man 答案 1 In a park He was walking in a park 2 A young man A young man came towards Goethe 3 Yes it was 4 No he didn t 5 Goethe 考点考点4 考查阅读对话 然后根据对话填空考查阅读对话 然后根据对话填空 例4 根据对话内容填空 每空一词 Tom What are you going to do this weekend Mary I am going to plant some flowers in my garden Tom Flowers Mary Yes some beautiful flowers Tom How do you plant flowers Mary First dig a hole in the soil then put some seeds in the soil Tom That s all Mary Then you have to water it and wait for it to grow Tom That sounds like fun Mary Come to my house on Saturday morning And we ll plant flowers together Tom OK great 1 Mary wants to plant in her garden 2 Mary is going to do it this morning 3 Tom know how to plant flowers 4 Mary digs a hole in the first 5 Tom thinks it is to plant some flowers 解析 此题要求学生根据对话内容填空 解答此类 试题一般先通读全文 了解大意 然后再结合题目细 读文章 找出答案 这段对话讲的是Mary打算种花及 Tom询问种花的过程 第1题从语法结构分析 缺少宾 语 从对话的第2行中就能找到答案 第2题考查时间 状语 从对话的倒数第2行可以找到答案 第3题从第5 行可以看出Tom不知道怎么样种花 第4题讲的是种花 的第一步应该做什么 从对话的第6行中就可以找到答 案 第5题讲的是Tom对种花的态度 从对话倒数第3 行可以找到答案 答案 1 flowers 2 Saturday 3 doesn t 4 soil 5 fun 过关检测过关检测 一 阅读短文 根据短文内容 判断下列句子的正 T 误 F A My name s