1 被动语态被动语态 一 动词的语态 语态有两种 主语是动作的 为主动语态 主语是动作的 为被动语态 1 被动语态谓语动词概述 1 被动语态最基本的句型结构是 2 被动语态中的谓语动词一定要是 动词 以为被动语态句中的主语是动作的承 受者 某些短语动词如 look after think of take care of work out laugh at 等 也可以用于被动语态 Eg The children were taken good care of by her 注意 短语动词中的介词或副词变成被动语态时不可遗漏 2 谓语动词被动语态变法 时态 主动语态 被动语态 一般现在时 Do does 一般将来时 Will do 现在进行时 am is are doing 一般过去时 did 一般完成时 have has done 过去完成时 had done 过去进行时 was were doing 情态动词 can do 3 被动语态各种结构的变化 1 主谓宾 S V DO 宾语变成被动语态的 谓语部分变成对应的 形式 主语用 by 连接作为方式状语 放在句尾 通常省略 2 主谓宾宾 S V IO DO 通常将离动词最近的宾语变成被动语态的主语 另外一个无论是宾语还是由 to 或 for 连 2 接的宾语全都直接落在谓语动词被动形式后面 3 主谓宾宾补 S V DO OC 这个结构是被动语态中最难的一类 将宾语变成被动语态的主语 谓语动词变成对应的 被动形式然后将宾语补足语 宾补 直接落下 注意 一些宾补动词如 make see hear 等在主动语态中可以接动词原形 实为省略 to 的动词不定式 作为宾语补足语的动词在变被动语态是一定要注意恢复 to 有一个顺口溜方便记忆 宾补动词真奇怪 to 在句中像妖怪 主动句中 to 走开 被动句中 to 回来 1 Basketball after school twice a week A is played B will be played C was played 2 A lift to go up and down every day A is used B are used C be used 3 Shoes in the shop last year A was sold B is sold C were sold 4 In this game their hands A not be seen B be not seen C can t be seen 5 These mooncakes already by Mary A will be eaten B haven t been eaten C have been eaten 6 He to the hospital in a few minutes A was taken B is taken C will be taken 7 My birthday cake yet A is made B has been made C hasn t been made 8 English in this school since 1980 A is taught B has been taught C was taught 9 The boy by Ling Feng A are looked after B can be looked after C were looked after 10 These treasures since many years ago A have been kept B were kept C are kept 11 The garden a week ago A is tidied B has been tidied C was tidied 12 He wanted to know if the tickets to him tomorrow 3 A would be sent B will be sent C are sent 13 At the crossing a policeman often A is seen B was seen C are seen 14 Sometimes they play football A are seen to B are seen C will be seen to 15 All the clothes in the shop A is tried on B was tried on C can be tried on 16 The worker said that he a ladder at once A needs B needed C was needed D is needed 17 A doctor for by her last month A sent B were sent C was sent D sent 18 The doctor Edison s mother A was saved B has been saved C saved D have saved 19 Big pieces of metal into small pieces here every day A were cut B are cut C is cut D cut 20 A Where is Jim s telephone number B It on the blackboard already A writes B wrote C is written D has been written 21 The bag of rice until it was too late A didn t see B didn t seen C isn t seen D wasn t seen 22 My English book I can t lend it to you A has been lost B was lost C has lost D lost 23 A Have you found the ruler yet B Yes it in my bag two days ago A has found B found C has been found D was found 24 He the tree as often as possible A is watering B water C must water D must be watered 25 A large hole before we plant a tree A must dig B should be dug C digs D are dug 26 The funny story children have a good laugh A makes B make C is made D is make 4 27 Can most work by robots A do B does C is done D be done 28 Our football team at last A won B win C was won D will be won 29 Our Party on July 1 1921 A found B was found C was founded D founded 30 Many old things on show in the museum A will be seen B will see C was seen D see 二 将下列句子改为被动语态 1 We put the family name first in China 2 The runner dropped the stick on the ground 3 He hears the noise upstairs every night 4 I have just found the library book 5 Mr Hu will give Jim some homework 6 Did they send Tom away form school 7 Kat hasn t covered the tree with Christmas lights 8 They call me Lily sometimes 9 Mum chooses different clothes for us 10 She takes care of the sick men 11 You must pay for the library book 12 This thermos makes me feel thirsty 13 This made the boy stop crying 14 She cut the cake into pieces 15 They put up these famous drawings on the wall 三 用所给动词的正确时态和语态填空 1 In winter children in the north often play with snow 2 More and more schools build here later 3 Jim eat up all the cakes yesterday 4 Many new things invent in the last ten years 5 5 All the shoes sell out last week 6 How long the book can keep 7 Father said he stop smoking soon 8 The babies here take good care of every day 9 A wounded man came to the policeman and ask for help 10 A Look the girl play the piano B Yes She often see to do so in her room 11 Mary has been ill for days I try to help her with her lessons when she come back 12 Some top students send to study in foreign countries once a year 13 The teachers prepare their lessons when I came in 14 Where are the apples I think they eat by those boys 15 We open the box and two new coats see in it 16 Tom hide his shoes behind the tree So they not find easily 17 Last week some thieves break into his house and some treasures take away 四 汉译英 1 我们的课室一天清洁一次 Our classroom 2 脏水不能喝 Dirty water 3 这些机器必须马上修理 These machines 4 课堂上 经常使用录音机 Recorders 5 这些书能拿出图书馆吗 Can these books 6 去年 在这公园的前面 建了一栋新楼 A new building 7 昨天浇花了吗 yesterday 8 现在办公室很干净 因为所有的旧报纸和书都卖掉了 The office is clean now because all the 9 这场交通事故后 一些人被送