1 河北省武邑中学河北省武邑中学 2018 20192018 2019 学年高二英语上学期寒假作业学年高二英语上学期寒假作业 1111 第一节第一节 共共 1010 小题 小题 每小题每小题 2 2 分 分 共共 2020 分 分 阅读下面短文阅读下面短文 从每题所给的四个选项 从每题所给的四个选项 A A B B C C 和和 D D 中 中 选出最佳选项选出最佳选项 并在答题卡上将该并在答题卡上将该 项涂黑 项涂黑 The Brown Bear My wife Laura and I were on the beach with three of our children taking pictures of shore birds near our home in Alaska when we spotted a bear The bear was thin and small moving aimlessly Just a few minutes later I heard my daughter shouting Dad The bear is right behind us An aggressive bear will usually rush forward to frighten away its enemy but would suddenly stop at the last minute This one was silent and its ears pinned back the sign 迹象 of an animal that is going in for the kill And it was a cold April day The bear behaved abnormally probably because of hunger I held my camera tripod 三脚架 in both hands to form a barrier as the bear rushed into me Its huge head was level with my chest and shoulders and the tripod stuck across its mouth It bit down and I found myself supporting its weight I knew I would not be able to hold it for long Even so this was a fight I had to win I was all that stood between the bear and my family who would stand little chance of running faster than a brown bear The bear hit at the camera cutting it off the tripod I raised my left arm to protect my face the beast held tightly on the tripod and pressed it into my side My arm could not move and I sensed that my bones were going to break Drawing back my free hand I struck the bear as hard as I could for five to six times The bear opened its mouth and I grasped its fur trying to push it away I was actually wrestling 扭打 with the bear at this point Then as suddenly as it had begun the fight ended The bear moved back toward the forest before returning for another attack The first time I felt panic Apparently satisfied that we caused no further threat the bear moved off destroying a fence as it went My arm was injured but the outcome for us could hardly 2 have been better I m proud that my family remained clear headed when panic could have led to a very different outcome 1 The brown bear approached the family in order to A catch shore birds B start an attack C protect the children D set up a barrier for itself 2 The bear finally went away after it A felt safe B got injured C found some food D took away the camera 3 The writer and his family survived mainly due to their A pride B Patience C calmness D Cautiousness Choosing the Right Resolution 决定 Millions of Americans began 2014 with the same resolution they started 2013 with a goal of losing weight However setting weight loss as a goal is a mistake To reach our goal of losing weight the output we need to control what we eat the input 输入 That is we tend to care about the output but not to control the input This is a bad way to construct goals The alternative is to focus your resolution on the input Instead of resolving to lose weight try an actionable resolution I ll stop having desert for lunch or I ll walk every day for 20 minutes Creating a goal that focuses on a well specified input will likely be more effective than concentrating on the outcome Recently a new science behind incentives 激励 including in education has been discussed For example researcher Roland Fryer wanted to see what works best in motivating children to do better in school In some cases he gave students incentives based on input like reading certain books while in others the incentives were based on output like results on exams His main finding was that incentives increased achievement when based on input but had no effect on output Fryer s conclusion was that the intensives for inputs might be more effective because do not know how to do better on exam aside from general rules like study harder Reading certain books on the other hand is a well set task over which they have much more control 3 As long as you have direct control over your goal you have a much higher chance of success And it s easier to start again if you fail because you know exactly what you need to do If you want to cut down on your spending a good goal would be making morning coffee at home instead of going to a cafe for example This is a well specified action based goal for which you can measure your success easily Spending less money isn t a goal because it s too general Similarly if you want to spend more time with your family don t stop with this general wish Think bout an actionable habit that you could adopt and stick to like a family movie night every Wednesday In the long run these new goals could become a habit 4 The writer thinks that setting weight loss as a goal is a mistake because A it is hard to achieve for most Americans B it is focused too much on the result C it is dependent on too many things D it is based on actionable decisions 5 In Roland Fryer s research some students did better than the others because A they obeyed all the general rules B they paid more attention to exams C they were motivated by their