1 CollegeEnglish IntegratedCourse4 UnitOne FightingwiththeForcesofNature NapoleonBonaparte TextA TheIcyDefender NapoleonBonaparte 2 本文作者在文中论述了任何军事行动都必须重视自然的因素 作者在文章中比较了拿破仑和希特勒对俄罗斯 苏联 的军事行动 并得出奇失败的原因 没有充分重视俄罗斯冬天的严寒而失败 通过学习课文 我们可以明白 人类改变自然的目的是为了生存 但是 人类不能忽视自然规律 当希特勒和拿破仑意识到自己的傲慢自大的时候 一切都为时已晚 人道是骄兵必败 就拿破仑和希特勒两人来说吧 他们所向披靡 便以为自己战无不胜 不可阻挡 但俄罗斯的冰雪卫士证明他们错了 与自然力抗争 Theysaythatpridecomesbeforeafall InthecaseofbothNapoleonandHitler themanyvictoriestheyenjoyedledthemtobelievethatanythingwaspossible thatnothingcouldstandintheirway Russia sicydefenderwastoprovethemwrong FightingwiththeForcesofNature 3 Parts Paras MainIdeas PartOne PartFour PartThree PartTwo Paras1 2 Paras3 11 Paras12 20 Paras21 Introduction BothNapoleon sandHitler smilitarycampaignsfailedbecauseoftheseverityoftheRussianwinter Napoleon smilitarycampaignsagainstRussia Hitler smilitarycampaignsagainsttheSovietUnion Conclusion Theelementsofnaturemustbereckonedwithinanymilitarycampaign NCE B4 Unit1 FightingwiththeForcesofNature PartIVStructuralAnalysis 4 Translate e g Theriseininterestratewillbedisastrousinthecaseofsmallfirms InthecaseofRussia theyhadsucceededatlast Inthecaseofwomen theyhavemoredifficultyingettingtheirjobs 就俄国而言 他们最终获胜了 1 inthecaseof 前言 asfaras isconcerned PartVIILanguagePoints 5 扩展 词组 thecase thefactacaseinpoint典型的例子 例证inanycase不管怎样 无论如何 just incase假使 以防万一 引导从句 incaseof假如 如果发生innocase决不 无论如何不insomecases有时候inninecasesoutoften十之八九e g You dbettertakeanumbrella just incase itrains incaseofrain e g Incaseoffire dial119atonce e g IncasehearrivesbeforeIgetback pleaseaskhimtowait 6 e g Manyteacherscomplainthattheycan tmakeanyimprovementintheteachingmethodsastheexistingexamsystemisintheway Translate 激烈的竞争阻碍了这个企业的发展 e g Thefiercecompetitiongetsinthewayofthisenterprise sdevelopment e g Idon tthinkkidshaveasmuchfunasweusedto Fiercecompetitionkeepsgettinginthewayoftheirdevelopment 2 stand get beintheway 前言 preventfromdoingsth 7 词组 intheway bytheway inaway inthisway ontheway有什么区别 intheway toblockthewaye g Herbusysociallifegotinthewayofherstudies ontheway whiletravellingorgoinge g Let swaitafewmoments He sontheway Bytheway inaddition usedtointroduceanewsubjectinspeeche g Bytheway haseverybodyarrived Inaway tosomeextente g Inaway itisanimportantbook inthisway 以这种方式e g Inthisway hehascollectedagreatmanystamps 8 3 Russia sicydefenderwastoprovethemwrong 前言 Paraphrase ThefreezingcoldwinterhelpedRussianstowinthecounterattackagainstthearmyofNapoleonandHitler whichconvincedusthatwhattheytwobelievedwasnotcorrect 解析 助动词be和不定式to连用 可以表示 1 indicateduty necessity mustorought 表示责任或必要 e g Youaretohandinyourgraduationthesisbeforethedeadline 2 Plannedarrangementtodoortohappen 按计划安排要做的或要发生的事 e g Theconcertistobetelevisedlivetonight 9 3 was weretodo indicatesth thatwouldhappeninthepastorisdestinedtohappen 表示过去将来要发生的事或注定要发生的事 e g Atthattimehedidn tknowhewastogotocollegeinShanghai 4 was weretohavedone indicatethattheplansorintentionsfailedtoberealized 常表示未能实现的计划或意图 e g Weweretohaveseenyouoffinthestation butweweretoobusyyesterday 5 toindicatetheunrealconditioninthesubjunctivemood 在虚拟语气中表示非真实的情况 e g Ifitweretoraintomorrow Wereittoraintomorrow wewouldcancelourtriptoHongkong 10 4 Para OneL 2 HewaspreparedforthefierceresistanceoftheRussianpeopledefending whodefended theirhomeland Paraphrase HewaspreparedforthefierceresistanceoftheRussianpeopletodefendtheirmotherland1 fierceresistance braveresistance strongresistancee g InancientChina peoplefedupwithtribulationsbegantoputupfierceresistancetotheemperorcontrolsfiercea extremelyintense violentandangry e g Inthefiercefightingthelightlywoundedrefusedtoleavethefrontline 搭配 fiercecompetition1 Afierceexam2 Afiercesilence3 Fierceloyalty 11 4 Afiercefighter5 afiercewind6 afiercestorm7 afiercelight5 Para OneL 4 HewaspreparedforthelongmarchacrossRussiansoiltoMoscow thecapitalcity Paraphrase HewaspreparedforthelongmarchthroughRussianlandtoMoscow thecapitalcity 1 bepreparedfor bepreparedfor强调准备好的状态 准备好 对 有所准备 preparefor后面的宾语是准备的目的 e g Bepreparedforanythingtohappen e g Hopeforthebestbutbepreparedfortheworst 12 6 Para OneL 5 ButhewasnotpreparedforthedevastatingenemythatmethiminMoscow theraw bitter bleakRussianwinter Paraphrase ButhedidnotexpecthewouldfacethedestructiveenemyinMoscow Russianbitterlycoldwinter 解析 notpreparedfor referstonotpsychologicallyready1 devastatinga verydestructive veryimpressivee g TheaggressiveIraqwarlaunchedbyAmericawasreallyadevastatingwar 13 e g ThedevastatingTsunami ts n mi ruinedthesmallcountry stourism e g OurEmbassywasdevastatedbythreebombsofNATO e g Theearthquakedevastatedalargepartofthecity devastateda veryshockedandupsete g Peterwasdevastatedbyhiswife sdeath e g Thecountrywasdevastatedbyalongwar 14 e g TheeventstookplaceonarawFebruarymorning Thiscuttingboardisonlyusedtocutrawmeat Translate 工厂把原材料做成成品供出口和国内消费 Industrialplantsprocessedtherawmaterialintofinishedproductsforexportandfordomesticconsumption coldandwet notcooked notrefined notanalyzed阴冷的 未煮熟的未加工的 未分析的 2 rawa 15 Translate coldandmiserable dreary b Providingnoen