得阅读与写作者得天下 中考比例62 5 短文填空15 阅读理解30 完形填空10 读写综合20 阅读步骤 1 扫读全文 尤其是首尾两段和每一段的首句 主题句 了解大意 理解文章的体裁 记叙文 议论文还是说明文 2 浏览题干 锁定关键词3 细读全文 找出与题干和选项有关的句子和段落 并加以仔细研读 不可逐字逐句分析 这样会严重影响阅读速度及对整篇文章的把握 不要常回视已读部分 这是缺乏信心 患得患失的心理所致 回视会降低阅读速度和效率 切不可一遇生词就查词典 4 检验答案答案做完后 回归原文 检查答题有无疏漏 研究其内在联系和逻辑关系 对照各题目推测判断 确保无误 阅读题型 1 细节理解题WhichofthefollowingisTRUE NOTtrue notmentioned Fromparagraph weknowthat 2014 Accordingtothispassage theumbrellawasprobablyfirstinventedinancient A Egypt B BabylonC RomeD ChinaNobodyknowswhofirstinventedit buttheumbrellawasusedinveryancienttimes ProbablythefirsttouseitweretheChinese backintheeleventhcenturyBC 2推理判断题1 Whatcanyouconcludefromthispassage 你能从文中总结出什么 2 What stheauthor sattitudetowards 作者对 的态度是什么 3 Wecaninferfromthepassagethat 我们可以从文中推出 4 Wecanguessthewriterofthepassagemaybea 5 Thewriterwritesthispassageto 3 主旨大意题 1 Whatisthemainideaofthispassage 本文的主旨是什么 2 Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout 文章主要讲述什么 3 Whatdoesthewritewanttotellus 作者想要告诉我们什么 4 标题问题 Whichisthebesttitleofthisarticle 文章的最佳标题是哪个 4 词义猜测题 阅读中的猜词技巧 阅读理解中不可避免地会遇到一些生词 有些是熟词生义 疑难语句 遇到这些问题 我们可用下面几种方法解决 技巧1 根据同义词或反义词 因果 转折 情景 语境来判断Tomislazybuthisbrotherisindustrious 2013 What sthemeaningoftheunderlinedword survive inthepassage A 繁殖B 产卵C 觅食D 生存Insectswithcolorsdifferentfromplantscaneasilybefoundandeatenbyothers Soinordertosurvive theyhavetohidethemselvesinthedaytimeandappearonlyatnight 刻苦的 勤奋的 2012情景语境 What sthemeaningoftheunderlinewords fashiondesigners inthepassage A 珠宝设计师B 发型设计师C 舞台设计师D 服装设计师 FashiondesignersfromallovertheworldhavebeencalledtomakenewdressesforBarbie 2013 Whatdotheunderlinedwords UVrays mean A 沙尘B 闪电C 紫外线D 超声波 Forexample sunglassesarenotjustforfashionbuttheycanalsoserveasagreatwaytoprotectyoureyesightformUVrays 技巧2 根据定义和释义来推测Sheisstudyingglaucoma akindofdiseaseontheeyes 我们可能猜不出glaucoma的确切词义 但通过后面的解释可知道glaucoma 青光眼 是一种眼睛疾病 2014 Theunderlinedwordroyalmightmean inChinese A 皇室的B 富裕的C 中产的D 平民的Theumbrellawasallowedtobeusedonlybythoseinhighofficeorbyroyalpeoplesuchasthekingsorqueens 技巧3 根据常识来推测Waterusuallyboilsat100centigrade 众所周知 水的沸点是100摄氏度 由此不难判断出centigrade的意思是 摄氏度 技巧4 运用构词法进行猜测ThecolorsofHawaiiinsummerareunforgettable 构词法 合成法转化法缩略法混成法 合成法 转化法 一个单词由一种词性转化为另一种或几种词性 缩略法 把原有的词汇缩短 使读音和写法呈现出新的形式 首字母省略 混成法breakfast lunch brunch早午餐smoke fog smog烟雾motor hotel motel汽车旅馆news broadcast newscast新闻广播 llikeEnglishsomuch 假话说多了也成真 文章的主旨大意 主题 1 看文章标题 包括小标题 2找主题句 常出现在首段或尾段处 若没有则应结合各段主题句进行归纳 Step1 主旨题 Thepassageismainlyabout A thewayindealwithe wasteB thecostofburninge wasteC thee wasteprobleminChinaD theneedtopassalawagainste waste ItisreportedthatsomedevelopedcountieshaveshippedbrokenpartsofcomputestoChina Suchathingcanbefoundedeverydayalthoughitisagainstinternationallaws LastmonthHongKongofficersfound131 000kilogramsofbrokencomputers TVsandphonessendfromJapan Thingslikethesearecalledelectronicwaste ore waste Dealingwithisnotaneasyjob 示范 1 2段主题句 ManyplacesinChinaarepollutedbye waste GuiyuinGuangdongprovinceisoneofthem Thistownisnamedas thee wastecapitaloftheworld Ithastodealwith1 5mllionkilogramsofe wasteeachyear fromwhichitmakes75millionyears Butitcomesatacost Manyofthepoisonine wastefindtheirwayintotheenvironment Plasticisburnedoutdoorsandchemicalwaterispouredintorivers Greenpeace anenvironmentalgroup hasfoundtheair theearthandtheriversinGuiyubadlypolluted 示范 3段主题句 TheChinesegovernmentwantsthecountrytodevelop butinawaythatdoesn tdoharmtotheenvironmentandpeople slife Thisyear Chinapresentsanewprotectionlaw thestrictestonewehaveeverhad ComputercomplieslikeLenovoandDellwillbeaskedtotakebacktheiroldcomputers Thisisbecausethecompliesthatmakecomputersknowbesttodealwiththemsafely Hopefully theproblemwithe wastewillbesolvedinnearfuture 示范 4段主题句 Step2 细节题 怎样寻找细节 1 找出关键词2 快速定位 锁定信息来源 3 忽略无关内容 62 Thee wastefoundinHongKonglastmonthwasfrom A FranceB JapanC GermanyD Australia Thee wastefoundinHongKonglastmonthwasfrom ItisreportedthatsomedevelopedcountieshaveshippedbrokenpartsofcomputestoChina Suchathingcanbefoundedeverydayalthoughitisagainstinternationallaws LastmonthHongKongofficersfound131 000kilogramsofbrokencomputers TVsandphonessendfromJapan Carefulreading 示范 怎样寻找细节 1 找出关键词2 快速定位 锁定信息来源 3 忽略无关内容 63 ThetownofGuiyuinGuangdongProvince A isthee capitaloftheworldB hasseriouse wastepollutionC Dealswithe wastesafelyD speedsmuchmoneyone waste ThetownofGuiyuinGuangdongProvince ManyplacesinChinaarepollutedbye waste GuiyuinGuangdongprovinceisoneofthem Thistownisnamedas thee wastecapitaloftheworld Ithastodealwith1 5mllionkilogramsofe wasteeachyear fromwhichitmakes75millionyears Butitcomesatacost Manyofthepoisonine wastefindtheirwayintotheenvironment Plasticisburnedoutdoorsandchemicalwaterispouredintorivers Greenpeace anenvironmentalgroup hasfoundtheair theearthandtheriversinGuiyubadlypolluted Carefulreading 示范 64 Thisyear theChinesegovernment A triedtochangepeople slifeB closedsomecomputercompliesC makeanewenvironmentprotectionlawD askedpeopletohandintheiroldcomputers Thisyear theChinesegovernment TheChinesegovernmentwantsthecountrytodevelop butinawaythatdoesn tdoharmtotheen