Module5 Section Step1 Step2 Step3 Step4 Step5 有部分课件由于控制文件大小 内容不完整 请联系购买完整版 1 CanyounamesomegreatpersonsinAncientChina Whataretheirachievements 2 HowmuchdoyouknowaboutTaoism TaoismisaphilosophyorwayoflifethatmayhavebeenstartedbyamannamedLaoTzuwholivedalittlebeforeConfucius about600BC Taomeansthe way orthe path Accordingtothetraditionalstory LaoTzuworkedasalibrarianintheemperor slibrary thiswasintheEasternZhouDynasty LaoTzubelievedthatthewaytohappinesswasforpeopletolearnto gowiththeflow Insteadoftryingtogetthingsdonethehardway peopleshouldtakethetimetofigureoutthenaturaloreasywaytodothings andtheneverythingwouldgetdonemoresimply Thisideaiscalledwuwei whichmeans doingbynotdoing LaoTzualsothoughtthateverythingaliveintheuniverse plants animals andpeople sharedauniversal 共同的 life force Thereweretwosidestothelife force whicharecalledtheyinandtheyang Theyin thedarkside isthesideofwomen themoon thingsthatarestill 静止的 likeponds completionanddeath Theyang thelightside isthesideofmen thesun thingsthatmovelikerivers dragons creationandbirth Everyonehassomeyinandsomeyanginthem andTaoismsaysthatitisimportanttokeepthembalanced Chinesedoctorsbelievethatalotofillnessesarecausedbytoomuchyinortoomuchyang Becauseeverythinghasthislife forceinit LaoTzuthoughtitwaswrongforpeopletofighteachotherinwars killingthelife force andthatpeopleshouldbesadwhentheyhadtofight insteadofcelebratingtheirvictories Healsothoughtitwaswrongforgovernments oranybodyelse tomakealotofrulesandlawsabouthowpeopleshouldbehave Thiswouldonlymakepeopleactthesamewayallthetime andsometimestheywouldgoagainsttheTao breakingtheprincipleofwuwei SoTaoismwasagainstanythingwithrules likespecialfooddiets Hethoughtpeopleshouldmaketheirowndecisionsineachsituation ThefollowingaresomebeliefsofsomegreatancientphilosophersandmatchthemwiththeirChinesemeanings 1 Manisborngood 2 Allhumanbeingsareequal 3 Thefamilyisimportant Wearemembersofagroup C F B 4 Treatothersinthewayyouwanttobetreated 5 Peoplearemoreimportantthanrulers 6 Weshouldloveallhumanbeings A 民贵君轻B 家天下C 人性本善D 己所不欲 勿施于人E 兼爱F 众生平等 D A E Fillintheblanksaccordingtothepassage Confucius s Mencius s Mozi s Readthepassageandanswerthequestion Whatdidallthephilosophersmentionedinthepassagebelievein 答案 Theimportanceofkindness dutyandorderinsociety maniskindandtheimportanceofgovernment Choosethebestansweraccordingtothepassage 1 WhatisthesimilarityofConfuciusandMozi A Theylivedinthesameperiodoftime B Theyheldthesameviewthatthegovernmentwasmostimportant C Theyhadthesameideaofkindness D Theywerebornpoor 2 WhatisthedifferencebetweenConfuciusandMencius A Theirteachings B Theythoughtmanisgood C Theirideas D Theideasaboutrulersandpeople 3 believedthatallmenwereequal A MoziB ConfuciusC MenciusD Philosophers 4 Whichofthefollowingisrightaccordingtothepassage A ConfuciuswastheteacherofMenciusandMozi B Mozistressedtheimportanceofkindness C Menciushatedtherulerswhotreatedpeoplebadly D Confuciuswasbroughtupbyhismotheralone 答案 1 B2 D3 A4 C Confucius s1 isthathebelievedthat2 dutyand3 playedanimportantpartinsociety HisideashaveinfluencedChinesesocietyforover4 years 5 believedthatthereasonwhymanisdifferentfromanimalsisthatmanis6 Hethoughtthatpeopleweremore7 thanrulers andhatedthestatewhenittreatedpeoplebadly Moziconsideredthat ideas teachings kindness order 2 000 Mencius good important 8 wasofgreatimportance Hebelievedallmenwere9 Hetaughtthatweshouldloveallhumanbeingsandlookafterthosewhoare10 thanourselves government equal weaker WhydopeopleallovertheworldwanttoknowmoreaboutthethoughtsofConfucius 参考答案 1 ConfuciusisthephilosopherwhoseinfluencehasbeenthegreatestinChina 2 Hestressedtheimportanceofkindness dutyandorderinsocietyandChinesesocietywasinfluencedbytheseideasformorethan2 000years 3 AsfarasIamconcerned ifhumanbeingswanttosurviveinthe21stcentury wehavetoseekwisdomfromConfucius