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北京2019中考英语阅读理解(六)专题十八 阅读理解第6讲 北京东城二模阅读理解CD篇1. 掌握本篇阅读理解中出现的高频词及长难句。2. 掌握阅读理解的解题技巧, 并能够指出本篇阅读理解中运用到的解题技巧。3. 通过阅读理解高频词、长难句等语料的积累, 及阅读理解解题技巧的练习, 灵活应对各种阅读理解题。C篇知识篇“巧妇难为无米之炊”, 在英语学习的过程中, 语料的积累至关重要。对于阅读理解高频词和长难句的梳理, 能够为我们今后的学习和提升打下良好的基础。亲爱的同学, 老师已经为你梳理出了本篇文章中的一些高频词和长难句, 快来看看你掌握了吗?高频词(课前检测学生的词汇量储备, 以教师提问的形式进行。能够准确翻译的为优, 模糊翻译的良, 不会翻译的为差。)单词/短语词性词义拓展掌握情况优良差improvementn. 改进,改善v. improvetechnologyn. 科技especially adv.尤其地supportv. 支持communicationn.交流v. communicatepowerfuladj.强大的benefitn. 利益,好处transportation n. 运输depend on 依赖disadvantagen.缺点opp. advantageregularadj.有规律的长难句(课前检测学生的句型储备, 以教师提问的形式进行。能够准确翻译的为优, 模糊翻译的良, 不会翻译的为差。)1. One benefit for companies is that it can save money.(优*良*差*)_句意:对于公司来说一个优点是它能节省钱。本句中包含一个由that引导的表语从句,翻译时要注意。2. Even though there are many benefits to telework, there are also some disadvantages.(优*良*差*)_句意:尽管telework有许多优点,但也有一些缺点。本句是由even though引导的让步状语从句,可以积累even though这个短语。3. If the worker is not in the office, managers dont know what they are doing. (优*良*差*)_句意:如果员工不在办公室里,经理就不知道他们正在做什么。本句首先含有一个由if引导的条件状语从句,其次含有一个由what引导的宾语从句做know的宾语。方法篇“方法得当, 事半功倍。”只有语料的积累, 没有好方法的辅助也是不够的。对于阅读理解解题方法的梳理, 能够帮助我们更好地理解阅读理解的命题逻辑, 在有足够语料积累的基础上, 能够帮助我们争取高分。亲爱的同学, 老师已经为你精心整理了阅读理解的解题技巧, 快来看看你掌握了多少?一、阅读理解解题步骤第一步快速浏览全文,了解文章大概。浏览时要注意以下句子:每段的开头和结尾,重要的情节句子,如果遇到未学或不认识的单词或不理解的句子,可以根据上下文猜测,切不可停留而放慢速度。第二步浏览问题,明确要求。把文章后每个题目内容看明白,这样又能辅助进一步理解文章的主要内容,具体做题时就能对号入座,找到文章中确切表达所要回答问题的关键句子。第三步通篇寻读,确定段落。也就是带着问题去读,找到要回答问题的关键词、句或意群,以及任何有关答题的信息,用铅笔画下来,以便为下一步答题做好充分准备。第四步逐条分析,对号入座。把需要回答的问题和寻读中找到的信息逐条分析,对号入座。一般来说,出题者问题设计都是按照文章内容自上到下顺序设计的,根据难度先解决容易的,最后解决深层次的理解题。第五步复读全文,验证答案。全部题目做完后,必须再仔细阅读一遍全文,进一步加深对文章理解,核实所选答案是否正确。二、阅读理解解题技巧初中英语选择型阅读理解题主要分为四种题型,分别是细节理解题,推理判断题,猜测词义题和主旨大意题。接下来我们将从这四种题型的定义,设题方式和解题技巧三方面进行介绍。题型题型一:细节理解题解释本类试题主要考察学生对阅读材料中的某一特定细节或文章的主要事实的理解能力。问题包括询问人(who)、物(what)、时间(when)、地点(where)、原因(cause)、结果(effect)、文中的数据(data)等。新闻、说明文、广告信息等常常考察这些细节。设题方式1. Which of the following statements is true/false?2. Which of the following is (not) mentioned?3. According to the passage, when( where, why, how, who, etc)?解题技巧1. 细心审题,直接就题找答案2. 变通理解,间接转述找答案3. 多点归纳,综合事实找答案典题精析Which hand do you use when write? About 8 to 15 percent of people are left handed. They often have to use tools that are designed for right-handed people. So it is difficult for left-handers to use most tools. If you are right handed, try this experiment: Take a knife with your left hand and try cutting a potato into pieces. Dont be surprised if you feel awkward(别扭的).If right-handers cut up potatoes with their left hand, they will .A. get hurtB. give up cuttingC. feel awkwardD. change their tools本题可以运用到解题技巧1. 细心审题,直接就题找答案浏览题干,确定关键短语为cut up potatoes with their left hand,浏览段落,确定关键句 If you are right handed, try this experiment: Take a knife with your left hand and try cutting a potato into pieces. Dont be surprised if you feel awkward(别扭的).“如果你是一个习惯用右手的人,用左手拿刀把土豆切成块。如果你感到别扭并不让人惊讶。”,根据句意即可推断出正确答案,故选C。题型题型二:推理判断题解释推理判断题着重考察学生的逻辑思维能力,即要求学生根据文章的逻辑关系进行推理判断。此类题目难度大,涉及面广,如人物的性格、心理,故事的结局、寓意,文章的出处、体裁,作者的倾向、态度等。设题方式1. It can be inferred from the text that_.2. From the text we know that _.3. With which of the following does the author agree?4. The passage is probably taken from a _.解题技巧1. 通过文章陈述的事实进行推断2. 根据文章所提供的的背景,人物的表情,动作和语言进行推断3. 根据作者的意图和态度进行推断典题精析Boredom is often linked with loneliness, but a writer named Meera Syal said boredom had helped her in developing her mind. She told researchers about her childhood. Having few things to do, Syal often talked with her neighbors. She also tried to do things like learning to bake cakes. “But importantly, I Thought and wrote a lot, because I was bored,” Syal said. She kept a diary, filling her time with short stories and poems she made up.Grayson Perry, an artist, grew up in a family with little money. He enjoyed himself by making up stories, drawing pictures for his stories and reading many books in the library. Bored but free, he spent hours looking out of the window, watching the changing clouds and seasons. Perry filled up his free time with what he liked. He became creative, because he could think freely. The writer talks about Syal and Perry to .A. stress the great differences between themB. introduce a popular writer and a famous artistC. suggest good ways of going through boredomD. show effects of boredom on developing creativity本题可以运用到解题技巧2. 根据文章所提供的的背景,人物的表情,动作和语言进行推断题干意为“作者谈论Syal
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