Module 8 Unit 1 A land of diversity 语法课单元语法：复习名词性从句主语从句、表语从句和宾语从句学习目标：掌握名词性从句中主语从句、表语从句和宾语从句在句子中作为主语、表语和宾语的用法。重点语法解说：名词性从句相当于名词，可分别作主句的主语、表语、宾语和同位语。因此，名词性从句可分为主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位从句。（1） 引导名词性从句的连接词1、 连接代词：who,whose,whom,what,which,whoever,whatever有词义，在从句中担任成分，如主语、表语、宾语、或定语等。2、连接副词：when,where,why,how。有词义，在从句中担任成分，作状语。3、连接词：that,whether,if,asif。that无词义，在从句中不担任成分，有时可省略；if(whether),asif虽有词义，但在从句中不担任成分。 注意：连接代词与连接副词在句中不再是疑问句，因而从句中谓语不用疑问式。连接代词与连接副词在从句充当句子成分，连接词whether和if（是否），asif（好象）在从句中不充当句子成分，只起连接作用。根据句义，如果连接代词与连接副词，whether、if和asif都用不上时，才用that作连接词（that本身无任何含义）。（2） 主语从句1、 主语从句在复合句作主语。Whowillgoisnotimportant. What you have to do is to choose a company to invest in.When we will start is not clear.2、有时避免头重脚轻，可用it作形式主语，主语从句放在句末。 Itdoesntmattersomuchwhetheryouwillcomeornot.Its a pity that he didnt finish college.3. that引导主语从句时，不能省略。 Thathesuddenlyfellilllastweekmadeussurprised.（3） 表语从句表语从句在复合句中作表语，位于系动词之后。Thequestionwaswhocouldgothere. That is why I was unwilling to go yesterday.She looks as if she was ill.（4） 宾语从句1、宾语从句在复合句中作宾语。引导宾语从句的连词that一般可省略。Ihope(that)everythingisallright.I want to know when class begins.2、 介词之后的宾语从句，不可用which或if连接，要分别用what或whether。Iminterestedinwhetheryouvefinishedthework. She was never satisfied with what she had got. 3、 whether与if都可以引导宾语从句，常可互换。但下面情况不能互换。 宾语从句是否定句时，只用if，不用whether。Iwonderifitdoesntrain. 用if会引起误解，就要用whether。 Pleaseletmeknowwhetheryouwanttogo.（此句如果把whether改成if，容易当成条件句理解） 宾语从句中的whether与ornot直接连用，就不能换成if；不直接连用，可换。I dontknowwhetherornotthereportistrue. 4、有时用it作形式宾语，把真正的宾语从句放在句末。I think it very important that we should take part in the discussion.预习自测题 单句语法填空，注意适当连接词的使用。1. If you know _ it was that wrote A Tale of Two Cities, raise your hand.2. We hope _you will enjoy your stay here.3. After ten years, she has changed a lot and looks different from _ she used to be.4. A reward of 1,000 dollars will be given to _ can find the lost child.5. Mary has to work. Thats _she cant come out with us.6. _ worried me a lot is _ I keep forgetting what I have just done.7. _the meeting should last two days or three days doesnt matter.8. _ he will go to work in a mountain village surprises all of us. 9. We never doubt _ our school team will win the match against No.3 Middle School.10. The reason I plan to go is _ she will be disappointed if I dont.课堂检测题完成句子1.无论他说什么都是对的。_ is right.2.很明显她赢了选举。It is clear enough _.3.这取决于他能否按时到达。It depends on_.4.他要来参加会议使我们每一个人都十分激动。_has excited every one of us.5.理由就是我没有时间去做这事。The reason is_.当堂训练题翻译下列句子1. 他们需要的是书。_2.问题是她是否愿意嫁给你。_3. 我不知道你将要被派去深圳。_4. 众所周知，台湾是中国的一部分。_5. 我们对他如何做这个实验很感兴趣。_课后练习题一、语法填空 Nowadays, millions 1 lonely singles are now going online instead. 2 World Wide Web is quickly becoming the worlds most popular matchmaker(媒人). Singles are flocking(涌向) to the Internet 3 (main) because their busy lifestyles leave them little time to look for a significant other. Using dating sites(约会网址) is quick and convenient. Many singles say 4 the regular dating scene has just led them from one bad experience to 5 and are ready to try something else. Dating sites also make 6 easy to avoid someone 7 you are not interested in. In the real world, 8 , ignoring someone you dont like can be difficult. Despite all the advantages, online dating also presents its own set of problems. People arent always those who they declare to be in their online 9 (describe). Safety is another concern. You are just 10 (like) to find a criminal online as you are Mr. Or Miss Right.二、单项填空。1. _ ways will be found to solve the problem or not is just _ worries them. A. If; that B. If; which C. Whether; that D. Whether; what2. The reason I didnt go there was _ a new job. A. because I got B. because of getting C. due to D. that I got3. _ she was invited to the ball made her very happy. A. If B. That C. When D. Because4. _ the flight to New York will be delayed is _