Unit4BodyLanguageGrammarV ing作定语和表语 Grammar 一 V ing形式由 do ing 构成 其否定形式是 notdoing V ing可以带宾语或状语构成V ing短语 没有人称和数的变化 但有时态和语态的变化 V ing形式 not doing not beingdone not havingdone not havingbeendone V ing形式在句中作定语和状语是本单元的学习重点 1 作定语V ing形式可以单独充当名词的前置修饰语 这时有两种情况 ing形式表示 供作 之用 的意思 这类作定语的 ing形式过去叫动名词 Aswimmingpool apoolforswimming Asleepingcar acarforsleeping 2 ing形式表示 的 意思 过去叫现在分词Asleepingchildworkingpeopletherisingsun ing形式短语作定语时一般放在它所修饰的名词之后 相当于一个定语从句 如 Theyarevisitorscomingfromseveralcountries Theboystandingthereisaclassmateofmine 2 作状语可以表示时间 原因 结果 条件 行为方式或伴随动作等 Usingyourhead you llfindagoodway 条件 1 Fourpeopleenteredtheroomlookingaroundinacuriousway Fourpeopleentertheroomandlookedaroundinacuriousway 伴随动作 2 Beingpoor hecouldn taffordaTVset 原因 3 Workinghard you llsurelysucceed 条件 4 Theboysatinfrontofthefarm house cuttingthebranch 伴随 5 Hecamerunningbacktotellmethenews 方式 6 When Hearingthenews hegotfrightened Whenheheardthenews hegotfrightened 时间 可以在分词前保留when 7 Thechildslippedandfell hittinghisheadagainstthedoor 结果 AttentionPlease ing形式作状语时 它的逻辑主语必须与主句的主语是一致的 Timepermitting Iwillpayavisittothewholecity 分词的逻辑主语是time 而句子的主语是I 两者不构成主谓关系 所以只能用独立主格结构 也就是给现在分词补充一个主语 theBritishlady theColumbian theJapanese theCanadian Youseeherstepbackappearingsurprised HisnosetouchesMr Cook smovinghand Youseeherstepbackappearingsurprised Youseeherstepbackandsheappearssurprised Theyalsoexpresstheirfeelingsusingunspokenlanguage Theyalsoexpresstheirfeelingsbythewayofusingunspokenlanguage HisnosetouchedMr Cook smovinghand HisnosetouchedMr Cook shandwhichismoving Theyarevisitorswhocomefromseveralcountries Theyarevisitorscomingfromseveralcountries Thisisanexperiencewhichisexciting Thisisanexcitingexperience 1 WhenheapproachedMsSmith hetouchedhershoulderandkissedher MsSmith hetouchedhershoulderandkissedher Rewritethefollowingsentences When approaching 2 Thepersonwhoistranslatingthesongscanspeaksevenlanguages Theperson canspeaksevenlanguages translating the songs 3 Theboystandingthereisreadingabookaboutbodylanguage Theboy thereisreadingabookaboutbodylanguage who is standing 4 BecausehecomesfromJordan hemovesclosetoaskyouaquestion Jordan hemovesclosetoaskyouaquestion Coming from 5 Shesatatthedeskanddidherhomework Shesatatthedesk doing her homework Usingstructures hold inarms cry appearsad Thewomanholdshersoninarms cryingandappearingverysad Thewomancriesloudly holdinghersoninarms box hitontheface move steps Thetwoboxingmentrytohittheotherontheface movingtheirstepscarefully ski laugh exciting MickeyandMimiareskiingdownthehill laughingalltheway Whatanexcitingsceneitis dance sing raisearmsup amazingmusic MickeyandMimiaredancingtoamazingmusic singingandraisingtheirarms KoalaBear carry climb searchforfood Carryingherlittlebabyontheback themotherKoalaBearclimbsupthetrees searchingforfood 1 Havingnotseenthefilm Ican ttellyouwhatIthinkofit 2 Themenworkedforextrahoursgotanextrapay 3 Seenfromthetopofthehill wefindthecitymorebeautiful 4 Generallyspeak facialexpressionsarehelpfulcommunications too Nothaving working speaking 单句改错 5 Can tyouread themansaid angrilypointedtothenoticeonthewall 6 Knockingatthedoorbeforeentering please 7 Europeanfootballisplayedin80countries madeitthemostpopularsportintheworld pointing Knock making 1 Thestrangersaidsomethingina voiceandthelittlegirlwasverymuch A frightening frightenedB frightened frighteningC frightening frighteningD frightened frightened Choosethebestanswer 2 thepiano someonesuddenlyknockedatthedoor A PlayingB WhenIwasplayingC RepairingD Examining 3 Mothercaughttheboy inthecorner A smokeB tosmokeC beingsmokedD smoking 4 theprogramme theyhavetostaythereforanother2weeks A NotcompletingB NotcompletedC NothavingcompletedD Havingnotcompleted 5 Wecan tgooutinthisweather saidBob outofthewindow A lookingB tolookC lookedD havinglooked 6 Though money hisparentsmanagedtosendhimtouniversity A lackedB lackingofC lackingD lackedin 7 Thebell theendoftheperiodrang ourheateddiscussion A indicating interruptingB indicated interruptingC indicating interruptedD indicated interrupted 8 suchheavypollutionalready itmaynowbetoolatetocleanuptheriver A HavingsufferedB SufferingC TosufferD Suffered 9 Helookedaroundandcaughtaman hishandintothepocketofapassenger A putB tobeputtingC toputD putting 10 Suddenly atallmandrivingagoldencarriage thegirlandtookheraway intothewoods A seizing disappearedB seized disappearedC seizing disappearingD seized disappearing 11 inthequeueofhalfanhour Tomsuddenlyrealizedthathehadlefthiswalletathome A TowaitB HavewaitedC HavingwaitedD Tohavewaited 12 Thepicture onthewallispaintedbymynephew A HavinghungB hangingC hangsD beinghung 13 Generallyspeaking accordingtothedirections thedrughasnosideeffect A whentakingB whentakenC whentotakeD whentobetaken