Learningaboutlanguage Unit3Underthesea Checkinganswer I 2ms AnswerkeysforEx 1onPage22 dive witness pause 1 1 2 urge drag 2 2 Checkinganswer II 3ms AnswerkeysforEx 2onPage22 anecdotesteamworkconservationoppositeabandon personalstoriesworkingtogetherprotectionfacingleave Checkinganswer III 4ms AnswerkeysforEx 3onPage22 annual accommodation shore relationship dive depths sharks witnessed flee yell Usefulstructure 20ms thePassiveVoice includingthe ingform 1 动名词的被动式 1 动名词的被动式有两种 being 过去分词 havingbeen 过去分词 例如 a 每个人都喜欢得到赞美 Everybodylikes b 我记得曾经听过这故事 Iremember thestory 2 在need want require 需要 和beworth 值得 等词后面 动名词的主动形式表示被动意义 例如 a 这件事需要调查 Thematterrequires Thematterrequirestobelookedinto beingpraised havingbeentold lookinginto b 这本书值得一读 Thebook Thebookisworthyofbeingread 2 现在分词的被动式 现在分词的被动式也有两种 being 过去分词 强调事情正在发生 having been 过去分词 强调事情已经发生 不作定语 例如 a 她正接受提问 感到有点儿紧张 toanswerthequestion shefeltalittlenervous isworthreading Beingasked b 这么好的机会给了你 你怎么能一点也不珍惜呢 suchagoodchance howcouldyounotvalueitatall 2 作定语时 being 过去分词 表示正在进行的动作 done表示一般过去或已经完成的动作 tobedone表示将要发生的董作 例如 a 正在建造的房屋 完工后将用作我们的图书馆 Thehouse willbeourlibraryuponitscompletion Havingbeengiven beingbuilt b 所使用的教材都是时新的 Thetextbooks areallup to date c 你打算参加下月召开的会议吗 Areyougoingtoattendthemeeting nextmonth used tobeheld Revisingusefulstructures Answerkeyforexercise1onpage23 Iheardaloudnoisecomingfromthebay Werandowntotheshoreintimetoseeanenormousanimaloppositeusthrowingitselfoutofthewaterandthencrashingdownagain IhadalreadyheardthatGeorgedidn tlikebeingkeptwaiting withoutpausingwejumpedintotheboatwiththeotherwhalersandheadedoutintothebay 5 IlookeddownintothewaterandcouldseeOldTomswimmingbytheboat showingustheway 6 SoGeorgestartedbeatingthewaterwithhisoarandtherewasTom circlingbacktotheboat leadingustothehuntagain 7 Uaingatelescopewecouldseethatsomethingwashappening 8 Icouldseeawhalebeingattackedbyapackofaboutsixotherkillers 9 thekillersovertherearethrowingthemselvesontopofthewhale sblow holetostopitbreathing 10 Andthoseothersarestoppingitdivingorfleeingouttosea Revisingusefulstructures Answerkeyforexercise2onpage23 beingattackedBeingheldupBeingincludedHavingbeenacceptedbeingtoldBeinghelpedoutbeingtakenbeingphotographedbeingswallowed Answerkeyforexercise3onpage23 Fishingnetsintheseahavebecomeaseriousproblem Theymaybemanykilometreslongwithplasticballstokeepthemfloatingonthewater andweightstoholdthemdownontheseabed Unfortunately theplasticnetsareimpossibletoseeunderwater Sothetermtodescribethemis awallofdeath Theiradvantageisthattheycatchfishefficiently However theyalsocausedangertoseaanimals First notonlytargetfisharecaughtinthenet butmanyotherseaanimalsarefoundhangingthere Thosenotneededformarketingarethrownaway Second netsareindangerofbeingcutloosebyfishermen Ifanetbecomefree floating itismovedbythetidesallovertheocean Itbehavesasahiddendanger killingallthataretrappedinit Somanyanimalsbeingcaughtindriftnetsmakemanythinkthatitisnecessarytohaveaworldwidebanonalldriftnetfishing Assignment 1 SummarizetherulesofthePassiveVoice 2 Finishtheexercisesof Discoveringusefulstructures onPage22andPage64 65