专题一阅读理解 第一部分核心专题突破 第四讲词义猜测题 真题典例考法感悟 解题指导应试点睛 真题新编应用体验 ForCanaanElementary ssecondgradeinPatchogue N Y todayisspeechday andrightnowit sChrisPalaez sturn The8 year oldisthejokeroftheclass Withshiningdarkeyes heseemslikethekindofkidwhowouldenjoypublicspeaking 真题典例考法感悟 Passage19 2019 全国卷 B 词数 264 Buthe snervous I mheretotellyoutodaywhyyoushould should Christripsonthe ld apronunciationdifficultyformanynon nativeEnglishspeakers Histeacher ThomasWhaley isnexttohim whisperingsupport Votefor me Exceptforsomestumbles Chrisisdoingamazinglywell Whenhebringshisspeechtoaniceconclusion Whaleyinvitestherestoftheclasstopraisehim Asonofimmigrants ChrisstartedlearningEnglishalittleoverthreeyearsago Whaleyrecalls 回想起 howatthebeginningoftheyear whencalledupontoread Chriswouldexcusehimselftogotothebathroom LearningEnglishasasecondlanguagecanbeapainfulexperience Whatyouneedisagreatteacherwholetsyoumakemistakes Ittakesalotforanystudent Whaleyexplains especiallyforastudentwhoislearningEnglishastheirnewlanguage tofeelconfidentenoughtosay Idon tknow butIwanttoknow Whaleygottheideaofthissecond gradepresidentialcampaignprojectwhenheaskedthechildrenonedaytoraisetheirhandsiftheythoughttheycouldneverbeapresident Theanswerbrokehisheart Whaleysaystheprojectisaboutmorethanjustlearningtoreadandspeakinpublic Hewantsthesekidstolearntoboast 夸耀 aboutthemselves Boastingaboutyourself andyourbestqualities Whaleysays isverydifficultforachildwhocameintotheclassroomnotfeelingconfident 语篇类型 记叙文主题语境 学校生活语篇导读 本文讲述了Whaley老师关爱学生 鼓励学生发现自己的优点 增强自信的故事 1 WhatmadeChrisnervous A Tellingastory B Makingaspeech C Takingatest D Answeringaquestion 解析B细节理解题 根据第一段内容以及第二段第一句可知 演讲使Chris紧张 故选B项 2 Whatdoestheunderlinedword stumbles inParagraph2referto A Improperpauses B Badmanners C Spellingmistakes D Sillyjokes 解析A词义猜测题 根据第二段中的youshould should 和 Votefor me 的语句特点可知 Chris的演讲有不适当的停顿 故选A项 注意 高考阅读中的熟词生义现象非常关键 例如解答本题时 如果能够注意到第二段第三句中的Christripsonthe ld 中的trip一词在此语境中的新意义 磕绊 绊倒 则有助于快速解答此题 3 WecaninferthatthepurposeofWhaley sprojectisto A helpstudentsseetheirownstrengthsB assessstudents publicspeakingskillsC preparestudentsfortheirfuturejobsD inspirestudents loveforpolitics 解析A推理判断题 根据倒数第二段最后一句可推知 Whaley想帮助学生看到他们自己的优点 故选A项 4 WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesWhaleyasateacher A Humorous B Ambitious C Caring D Demanding 解析C推理判断题 根据第二段Whaley低声耳语支持学生 让同学为Chris鼓掌 第五段Whaley想让学生夸耀自己可知 他理解 关心学生们 故选C项 关心他人的 Moneywithnostringsattached It snotsomethingyouseeeveryday ButatUnionStationinLosAngeleslastmonth aboardwentupwithdollarbillsattachedtoitwithpinsandasignthatread GiveWhatYouCan TakeWhatYouNeed Passage20 2019 6月浙江卷 B 词数 306 Peoplequicklycaughton Andwhilemanytookdollars manyotherspinnedtheirowncashtotheboard Peopleofallages races andsocio economic 社会经济的 backgroundsgaveandtook saidTylerBridgesofTheToolbox whichcreatedtheproject Weevenhadabrideinherweddingdresscomeuptotheboardandtakeafewdollars WhatIcansayforthefolksthatgavethemost isthattheywerefullofsmiles Bridgessaid There sacertainfeelingthatgivingcandoforyouandthatwasapparentinthosethatgavethemost Mostpeoplewhotookdollarstookonlyafew butBridgessaidaverysmallnumbertookasmuchastheycould Whiletheclipmightlooklikepartofanewadcampaign Bridgessaidtheonlygoalwastoshowgenerosityandsympathy HeaddedthathehopespeopleinothercitiesmighttrysimilarprojectsandposttheirownvideosontheInternet Afterall everyonehasbaddaysandgooddays hesaid Somedaysyouneedahelpinghandandsomedaysyoucanbetheonegivingthehelpinghand 语篇类型 说明文主题语境 公益事业语篇导读 本文主要向读者介绍了TylerBridges创办的一项 尽你所能 取你所取 的活动 1 Whatdoestheexpression moneywithnostringsattached inParagraph1mean A Moneyspentwithouthesitation B Moneynotlegallymade C Moneyofferedwithoutconditions D Moneynottiedtogether 解析C词义猜测题 根据第一段中的GiveWhatYouCan TakeWhatYouNeed和下文可知 画线部分是 无条件提供的钱 的意思 故选C项 2 WhatdidBridgeswanttoshowbymentioningthebride A Womentendedtobemoresociable B Theactivityattractedvariouspeople C Economicproblemsweregettingworse D Youngcouplesneededfinancialassistance 解析B推理判断题 根据第二段第三 四句可知 这项活动吸引了不同年龄 不同种族 不同社会经济背景的人们 甚至有一位穿着婚纱的新娘都来拿了几美元 Bridges提到这位新娘是想说明这项活动吸引了许多不同的人 故选B项 3 WhydidBridgescarryouttheproject A Todoatestonpeople smorals B Toraisemoneyforhiscompany C Toearnhimselfagoodreputation D Topromotekindnessandsympathy 解析D细节理解题 根据第四段第一句可知 Bridges开展这项活动的目的是展现人们的慷慨和同情心 故选D项 词义猜测题是历年高考必考题型 常见的考查形式有 猜测某个词 短语或句子的含义 推断某个常见的多义词或短语在具体语境下的意思 判断文中的某个代词指代的对象 解释英语中特定的表达 谚语 俚语等 词义猜测题常见的设问方式有 Whichofthefollowinghastheclosestmeaningto Whichofthefollowingcantakeplaceoftheword Whatdoestheword referto mean Whodoes refertointhetext Thephrase couldbereplacedby Theunderlinedword sentence means Bysayingthat theauthormeansthat Themeaningof inParagraph isrelatedto 考生需注意 阅读理解中考查的词或短语的意义往往不停留在字面上 而需根据上下文 运用知识储备以及技巧等来推测 因此要做好词义猜测题 考生必须熟练掌握 考试说明 中规定的词汇 平时还要注意积累生词 短语 熟词生义 掌握构词法的基本知识 学会分析句式结构 因为常见的同位语或同位语从句 定语从句 状语从句等往往在句中起着解释说明 补充或限定的作用 也能为猜测词义提供线索 还要掌握一些实用的猜词技巧 下面介绍5种行之有效的猜词技法 1 定义 释义 重述有时文章中出现一个需要猜测其意义的词或短语 下文会接着出现其定义 释义或重述 有时 需要猜测的内容后面会紧跟一个同位语 从句 定语从句 状语从句等 有时 会用冒号 破折号 括号或信号词引导解释说明部分 向量的概念及线性运算 技法1 根据上下文线索猜测 常见的信号词有 i e is are is arecalled mean r