Module5GreatPeopleandGreatInventionsofAncientChina Alongwithsilkandpaper gunpowderisanotherinventionbyChineseandtheSilkRoadhelpeditspreadtotheWest Thedatingofgunpowderisasearlyas850AD TheChineseusedgunpowdertomakefireworksandforsignalflares Gunpowderwasalsothoughttohavebeenusedinmedicineandinalchemy 炼金术 ThisinventionseemstohavebeendiscoveredinChinabyaccident byalchemistswhendoingexperiments 话题导入 Thegunpowderusedformilitarypurposewasfirstrecordedin919AD Bythe11thcentury explosivebombsfilledwithgunpowderwereintroducedandusedinChina Thewords firecannon rocket and fireball appearedtimeandagainintheofficialSonghistoryaswellastwootherbookswrittenduringthesameperiod Thefirstdetaileddescriptionofusingthe firecannon inwarfarewasinconnectionwithabattlefoughtin1126whentheSongarmyuseditagainsttheinvadingenemy Theso called firecannon wasatube madeofbamboofilledwithgunpowderwhich whenfired threwaflamingmissiletowardstheenemy Accordingtoadescriptionofabattlescenein1132 ittooktwopersonstocarrya firecannon andthecannonswerefiredfromamovingplatform Andthisplatformhadtobemovedclosetothewallofthebesieged 被围攻的 city TheChineseinventionofgunpowderreachedJapan theIslamiccountriesandthenEuropeinthe13thcenturyandtheArabsimprovedgunpowderformilitaryuse TheearlyaccountofgunpowderinEurope wasrecordedbyEnglishphilosopherRogerBaconinthe13thcentury OnecenturylatertheArabsusedittoattacktheSpanishtownBazaandthenextyearin1326Florenceorderedthemanufacturingofcannonandcannonballs FromItalythemakingofgunpowdersoonspreadtootherEuropeancountries andbythe1350sithadbecomeaneffectiveweapononthebattlefield 根据上文完成下列各题1 What sthebesttitleofthepassage 2 ListthecountriestheChineseinventionofgunpowderreached 1 2 3 Gunpowder Japan Islamiccountries Europeancountries 基础自测 课文预读 内容索引 要点探究 当堂达标 PeriodOneIntroduction ReadingandVocabulary 基础自测 重点单词1 adj 平等的2 n 重要 重要性adj 重要的3 n 哲学家n 哲学4 n 常作复数 教导 学说vt 讲授 教授n 教师 equal importance important philosopher philosophy teaching teach teacher 5 n 思想家vt 想 思索 认为n 思考 想法6 n 仁慈 善良adj 仁慈的 善良的7 n 秩序8 n 原则 准则9 n 职位 thinker think thought kindness kind order principle position 10 vt 强调11 vi 辞职12 n 顾问vt 劝告 建议n 忠告 建议13 adj 有影响的n 影响 vt 影响 对 起作用 stress resign adviser advise advice influential influence 重点短语1 与 相似2 与 交战3 养育 抚养 提出4 采纳某人的建议5 因 而出名6 在某些方面 besimilarto beatwarwith bringup followone sadvice becomefamousfor insomeways 重点句式 Treatothersin 己所不欲 勿施于人 1 theway作先行词的定语从句 thewayyouwanttobetreated Butitwasalsoatimethereweremanygreatphilosophers 但那也是一个产生了许多伟大的哲学家的时期 2 Itis wasatimewhen when Hetaughtthatifthegovernmentwaskind thenpeople be good 他教导说如果政府施行仁政 人民就会向善 4 if引导的虚拟条件句 wouldbe Menciusbelievedthatthereasonmanisdifferentfromanimalsismanisgood 孟子认为 人之所以不同于动物 是因为人性本善 3 thereasonwhy isthat why that 课文预读 阅读课文 匹配段落大意1 Para 1A Mencius steachings 2 Para 2B Mozi sphilosophy 3 Para 3C Confucius sideas 课文阅读理解1 WhatisthemainideaofConfuciusaccordingtothetext A Kindness dutyandorderinsocietyareveryimportant B Governmentismoreimportantthanitspeople C Allmenarecreatedequal D Allmenareborngood 答案 1 2 3 4 5 2 WhatwasthepossiblerelationshipbetweenConfuciusandMencius A Teacherandstudent B MenciuswasthefollowerofConfucius sideas C Theyallworkedforthesamestate D Nothingrelatedatall 1 2 3 4 5 答案 3 InwhichwaywasMozi sideathesameasthatofConfucius A Menshouldbekind B Menwerebornequal C Governmentshouldbemoreemphasizedthanitspeople D Peopleweremoreimportantthanthegovernment 1 2 3 4 5 答案 4 InMencius sopinion whichwasthemostimportant thegovernment therulerorthepeople A Thegovernment B Theruler C Thepeople D Notmentioned 1 2 3 4 5 答案 5 WhatisthesimilarityofthethreephilosophersinancientChinaaccordingtothetext A Theywereallbornpoor B Theyallwrotetheirownbooks C Theyalltravelledfromstatetostate D TheirphilosophiesallinfluencedChinaforalongtime 1 2 3 4 5 答案 课文阅读填空 kindness duty order hismother position resigned good rulers equal humanbeings 要点探究 Allhumanbeingsareequal 众生平等 重点词汇 1 equaladj 相等的 平等的 vt 等于 比得上 n 同等的人 相等物beequaltosth doingsth 胜任 比得上 beequal tosb insth 在某方面 与某人 是同等的equalsb insth 在某方面比得上某人havenoequalinsth 在某方面没有对手 2 equallyadv 相等地 平等地 同样地 公平地 3 equalityn 相等 平等 归纳拓展 1 Dividethecakeintoequalparts 把蛋糕分成等份 2 Sheisveryweakandnotequaltomakingalongjourney 她身体虚弱 不堪长途旅行 3 Noonewasequaltoherinskillsandexperience 论技术和经验 没人能比得上她 4 Hehasnoequalinmusic 在音乐方面无人能与他匹敌 语境助记 1 用equal的正确形式填空 Thenewlawprovidedforofhumanrights Wewillbedemandingrightsatwork Anyone whetherheisanofficialorabusdriver shouldbe respected 题组训练 equality equal equally 2 句型转换 IthinkIamfitforthejob IthinkIthejob Mybrotherequalsmeinstrength Mybrotherinstrength 3 单句改错Asisknowntousall allmenarebornequally amequalto isequaltome equal beatwarwith 与 交战declarewaron 对 宣战 AncientChinawasaplacewherestateswereoftenatwarwitheachother 古代中国各诸侯国之间经常发生战争 归纳拓展 1 DuringtheSecondWorldWar Germanywasatwarwithalmostallthecountriesintheworld 第二次世界大战期间 德国几乎同世界上所有的国家都处于交战状态 2 GermanydeclaredwaronFranceon1August1914 德国在1914年8月1日向法国宣战 语境助记 1 用适当的介词填空 Atthattime ChinawasatwarJapan sotravellingwasextremelydifficult Thegovernmentdecla