TOLIEORNOTTOLIE THEDOCTOR SDILEMMA t e x t 2 于雯超蒋佳媛 SocialPsychologistJeraldJellisonestimatesthattheaverageAmericanoutstripsPinocchiobytellingawhopping200liesaday includingwhiteliesandfalseexcuses SorryI mlate Iwastiedupattheoffice Background ABOUTTHEAUTHOR S SisselaBok bornSisselaMyrdalon2December1934 isaSwedish bornAmericanphilosopherandethicist thedaughteroftwoNobelPrizewinners GunnarMyrdalwhowontheEconomicsprizewithFriedrichHayekin1974 andAlvaMyrdalwhowontheNobelPeacePrizein1982 ShereceivedherB A andM A inpsychologyfromGeorgeWashingtonUniversityin1957and1958 andherPh D inphilosophyfromHarvardUniversityin1970 SheismarriedtoDerekBok formerpresident 1971 1991 andinterimpresident 2006 2007 ofHarvard Herdaughter HilaryBok isalsoaphilosopher SisselaBok sbrother JanMyrdal isapoliticalwriterandjournalist ShewasawardedtheCourageofConscienceawardon24April1991 forhercontributionstopeacemakingstrategiesinthetraditionofhermother SisselaBokWorks Lying MoralChoiceinPublicandPrivateLife 1978 Whatmakeslyingwrong Whatmakesdeceptionwrong whenitiswrong Thisbookstimulatesthereaderintobecomingmoreawareofitsconsequencesforsocialbehavior Byusingaphilosophicalapproachwithcontrastingopinionsandbeliefs Bokofferssomerefreshinginsightsintendedtoenablethereadertoresolvetheassociatedethicaldilemma SisselaBokWorks Herquotes Whatevermatterstohumanbeings trustistheatmosphereinwhichitthrives from lyings Anyawarenessofhowliesspreadmustgeneratearealsensitivitytothefactthatmostliesbelievedtobe white areunnecessaryifnotdownrightundesirable lyings Myopinions Iagreetheauthor sopinions Tellingliesisbadforus Regardlessoftheirintentionsoflies thebehaviorofliesisnotgoodinessence Theytrytodeceiveothersonlytoendupindeceivingthemselves Andastheoldsayinggoes firecannotbewrappedupinpaper Itisimpossibletokeepthefactsinmindforeverandsoonerorlatertheywillfindthetruth Sowewouldrathertellthemthefactstoletthemunderstandthemselves conditionsthanletthemfeelthattheyarefooled Also theyhavetherighttoknowhowtheirhealthis Weshouldrespecttheirchoiceandunderstandwhattheyneedindeed Weknowwhatweshoulddoandwhatweshouldnotdo Honestyispeople sbasicmoralcharacter Ithinkthatitisourbottomlinetoconductourselvesinsociety Goaway mytumor Dr Liang XiongDunshegotaMalignanttumor andShewasverybrave shehadbeenfightingagainstthediseasetillshepassedaway SomeMedicalWorkers Physician Surgeon Dentist Intern Resident ChiefResident Nurse HeadNurse Question 1 Haveyoueverbeentohospital Whatdidyouthinkofthedoctor sattitude 2 Haveyoueverthoughtofbeingadoctor Whyorwhynot 3 Supposeyouareseriouslyill doyouwantthedoctortotellyouthetruthornot Why PartDivisionoftheText part1 para 1 5 doctor sreasonsfortellingliespart2 para 6 9 theauthor reasonswhypatientsshouldbetoldthetruthpart3 para 10 11 theauthorurgesthatanopendebateshouldbeheldonthisissue Summary Whentreatingseriouslyillpatients manydoctorsthinkthatitisbestnottotellthemthetruthabouttheircondition Thesedoctorssincerelybelievethattheyhavegoodreasonstotellliesforthepatients ownbenefit Buttheauthorofthisarticletakesadifferentviewonthisissue Shegivesseveralreasonswhypatients especiallythosewhoaredying shouldbetoldthetruth Shealsodiscussesthegreatharmdoctors liesdonotonlytotheirpatients butalsotothedoctorsthemselvesandtotheentiremedicalprofession Andinthelastparagraphofthearticle theauthorurgesthatanopendebatebeheldonthisissue myopinions Ithinkthatinthepatient scondition thedoctorshouldtellthetruth Allpatientshavetherighttoknowabouttheirhealthcondition becasuenoonelikestobeafool It ssupportedthatdoctorshouldn tlietohispatient itwillbebeneficialtothepatient spsychologicalconstruction andcanalsohelptosavealotoftimefortreatment