词汇短语园地21. hate vt. 讨厌；不喜欢 （1） hate sth/sb 讨厌、憎恨某物/人I hate Friday mornings. 我讨厌星期五早晨。（2） hate doing sth 讨厌做某事（习惯性动作）Paul hates making mistakes. 保罗讨厌出错。（3） hate to do sth 不想 / 不愿做某事（通常是一次性或特指动作）He hates to think what would have happened if he hadnt called the police.他不愿想如果他没有报警会发生什么事。2. avoid vt. （故意）避开avoid后可接名词或代词作宾语，也可接动名词作宾语，但是不能接不定式作宾语。You should avoid such mistakes.你应当避免这样的错误。I realized he was trying to avoid the topic.我意识到他是在设法避开这个话题。正：He avoided answering my questions.误：He avoided to answer my questions.正：It was impossible to avoid being affected.误：It was impossible to avoid to be affected.3. admit vt. 承认；招认；招供（常指不情愿地承认某事属实）常用搭配：（1） admit to sth/admit to doing sth 承认（过错、罪行）；招认；招供He refused to admit to the other charges.他拒不承认其他指控。Tom admitted to having stolen the car.汤姆供认偷了那辆车。（2） admit that+从句I admitted that I was late for work.我承认我上班迟到了。4. wave v. 挥（手）；招（手）（1） wave at/to sb 向某人挥手Tom waved to us as he came across the field.汤姆穿过田地时朝我们挥手。（2） wave sth （at sb） （向某人）摇晃某物A boy waved some flowers at his mother.一个男孩对他的母亲挥舞着一些花。5. respect vt. & n. 尊重；敬重（1） respect sb/sth （for sth）She had always been honest with me， and I respect her for that.她一直对我很诚实。我非常敬重她这一点。The president is expected to respect the constitution.人们期望总统尊重宪法。（2） have/show respect for sb/sth 对尊敬 / 尊重The students have great respect for their history teacher.学生们非常尊敬他们的历史老师。He shows no respect for her feelings.他不尊重她的感情。respectful adj. 恭敬的；表示敬意的respectable adj. 值得尊敬的；规矩的；体面的The woman kept a respectful silence.那位妇人恭敬地保持着沉默。Its not respectable to be drunk in the street.在大街上醉倒是不体面的。6. appreciate vt. 感激（1） appreciate后可接名（代）词、动名词、名词性从句等作宾语，但不能接不定式。We shall appreciate hearing from you again.能再次收到你的来信，我们将十分感激。I appreciate that you have come here so early.感谢你来得这么早。（2） appreciate习惯上不用“人”作宾语，其后只能接“事”作宾语。（注意：这与thank 的用法恰恰相反）正：I appreciate your kindness.误：I appreciate you for your kindness.正：He thanked her for her kindness.误：He thanked her kindness.（3） appreciate后接if 或when从句时习惯上要先接it，而不直接跟if或when引导的从句。 I would appreciate it if you would help me with it.如果你能帮助我做这事，我会十分感激。We really appreciate it when she offered to help.她来帮忙了，我们十分感激。（4） 表示感激的程度，可用deeply， highly， （very） much等副词修饰。I deeply appreciate your kindness.我深深感谢你的好意。He highly appreciated their help.他非常感谢他们的帮助。注意：当much修饰appreciate时，只能置于其前，而不能置于其后，但very much却可以。如：正：We much appreciate your invitation.正：We appreciate your invitation very much.误：We appreciate your invitation much.7. amusing adj. 有趣的；可笑的I didnt find the joke amusing at all.我认为这个笑话一点也不可笑。amuse v. 逗笑；逗乐It amused him to think that they were probably talking about him at that very moment.想到这会儿他们大概在谈论他，他不禁笑了起来。amused adj. 逗乐的；觉得好笑的常用搭配：amused at/by sthWe are all amused at his stories.我们都被他的故事逗笑了。8. impression n. 印象I have the impression that Ive seen that man before.我觉得我以前见过那个人。She made a good impression on the people.她给人们留下了一个好印象。常用搭配：have a（n）.impression of sb/sth 对某人 / 某物有的印象make a（n）.impression on sb 给某人留下的印象impressive adj. 令人赞叹的；令人敬佩的9. immediately adv. 立即；即刻conj. 一就Cook the mixture for ten minutes and serve immediately.将混合物烹调10分钟后马上上桌。On hearing the news， John cried immediately.一听到这个消息，约翰马上就哭了。Immediately shed gone， I remembered her name.她刚走开，我就想起了她的名字。10. loudly adv. 大声地She didnt speak loudly because she was so shy.她说话声不大，因为她很害羞。He called out loudly for assistance without moving.他不敢移动，大声求援。比较：loudly和loud的区别loud表示“大声；响亮”，可用作形容词或副词。（1） 用作形容词。He has a loud voice.他嗓门大。The music is too loud； please turn it down.这音乐太吵人了，请把音量关小一点。（2） 用作副词（与loudly同义），一般只与动词speak， talk， laugh， sing等连用，且必须放在这些动词之后。I cant hear you. Please speak louder.我听不见，请说大声些。loudly只用作副词（与用作副词的loud同义）。Dont talk so loudly （loud）. 别这么大声讲话。注意：loudly比用作副词的loud使用范围更广。它除了与 speak，talk，laugh等动词连用外，还可与其他表示声响的动词连用，且可以放在这些动词之前或之后。The man snored loudly. 这个人鼾声打得响。He heard a cock loudly crow.他听见公鸡大声啼叫。（4） 另外，在用于比较级或最高级时，通常用loud，而不用loudly。Who laughed loudest？ 谁笑的声音最大？11. fall asleep 睡着Because I am tired， I fall asleep quickly.因为我很疲劳，很快就睡着了。The soft music caused us to fall asleep.轻柔的音乐使我们睡着了。比较：be asleep与fall asleep的区别fall asleep表动作，意为“刚刚入睡”，指“刚睡着”这动作。be asleep表状态，意为“睡着的”。He fell asleep when there was a loud knock at the door.他刚睡着，这时有人大声敲门。The baby has been asleep for an hour.这孩子睡着一个小时了。注意：go/get to sleep和fall asleep意思接近，都指“入睡，睡着”。 go/get to sleep强调进入睡眠状态，常用于否定句、疑问句、条件句中。go to bed着重指上床睡觉的动作，无“睡着”之意。go to bed在前，然后才go/get to sleep或fall asleep。12. as a result （of ） （由于的）结果As a result， he had to leave.结果，他只得离开。As a result of the car accident， he was late for school.由于这起车祸，他上学迟到了。13. so that 以便；因此I will give you all the facts so that you can judge for yourself.我会给你所有的事实以便你可以自己判断。Everyone lent a hand， so that the work was finished ahead of schedule.每个人都帮了忙，因此工作提前完成了。