2011年 江苏卷 阅读AWe know the famous ones the Thomas Edisons and the Alexander Graham Bells but what about the less famous inventors? What about the people who invented the traffic light and the windshield wiper (雨刮器)？Shouldnt we know who they are?Joan McLean thinks so. In fact, McLean, a professor of physics at Mountain University in Range, feels so strongly about this matter that shes developed a course on the topic. In addition to learning “who” invented “what”, however, Mclean also likes her students to learn the answers to the “why” and “how” questions. According to McLean, “When students learn the answers to these questions, they are better prepared to recognize opportunities for inventing and more motivated to give inventing a try.”Her students agree. One young man with a patent for an unbreakable umbrella is walking proof of McLeans statement. “If I had not heard the story of the windshield wipers invention,” said Tommy Lee, a senior physics major, “I never would have dreamed of turning my bad experience during a rainstorm into something so constructive.” Lee is currently negotiating to sell his patent to an umbrella producer.So, just what is the story behind the windshield wiper? Well, Mary Anderson came up with the idea in 1902 after a visit to New York City. The day was cold and stormy, but Anderson still wanted to see the sights, so she jumped aboard a streetcar. Noticing that the driver was struggling to see through the snow covering the windshield, she found herself wondering why there couldnt be a built-in device for cleaning the window. Still wondering about this when she returned home to Birmingham, Alabama, Anderson started drafting out solutions. One of her ideas, a lever (操作杆) on the inside of a vehicle that would control an arm on the outside, became the first windshield wiper. Today we benefit from countless inventions and innovations. Its hard to imagine driving without Garrett A. Morgans traffic light. Its equally impossible to picture a world without Katherine J. Blodgetts innovation that makes glass invisible. Can you picture life without clear windows and eyeglasses?56. By mentioning “traffic light” and “windshield wiper”, the author indicates that countless inventions are _.A. beneficial, because their inventors are famous B. beneficial, though their inventors are less famousC. not useful, because their inventors are less famous D. not useful, though their inventors are famous57. Professor Joan McLeans course aims to _.A. add color and variety to students campus life B. inform students of the windshield wipers inventionC. carry out the requirements by Mountain University D. prepare students to try their own inventions58. Tommy Lees invention of the unbreakable umbrella was _.A. not eventually accepted by the umbrella producer B. inspired by the story behind the windshield wiper C. due to his dream of being caught in a rainstorm D. not related to Professor Joan McLeans lectures59. Which of the following can best serve as the title of this passage?A. How to Help Students to Sell Their Inventions to Producers? B. How to Design a Built-in Device for Cleaning the Window?C. Shouldnt We Know Who Invented the Windshield Wiper? D. Shouldnt We Develop Invention Courses in Universities? 60. Which of the following is discouraged by the Friends organization?A. To build massive complexes for public amusement. B. To prevent possible damages to the National Park.C. To help protect and improve the Park for all to enjoy. D. To sponsor publications and projects in local schools.61. One of the benefits for members of Friends is to _.A. have Friends goods free of charge B. visit any place not open to the publicC. take part in work parties if they want to D. give talks in their fields on current issues62. The purpose of this poster is to invite more people to_.A. raise money for the Friends organization B. join the Friends organization and be members of itC. work as managers for Pembrokeshire National Park D. enjoy the landscape of Pembrokeshire National ParkCAccording to the US government, wind farms off the Pacific coast could produce 900 gig watts of electricity every year. Unfortunately, the water there is far too deep for even the tallest windmills (see picture) to touch bottom. An experiment under way off the coast of Norway, however, could help put them anywhere. The project, called Hywind, is the worlds first large-scale deepwater wind turbine (涡轮发电机). Although it uses a fairly standard 152-ton 2.3-megawatt turbine, Hywind represents totally new technology. The turbine will be fixed 213 feet above the water on a floating spar (see picture), a technology Hywinds creator, the Norwegian company StatoilHydro, has developed recently. The steel spar, which is filled with stones and goes 328 feet below the sea surface, will be t