Unit 5 First AidWarming up & Pre-reading1.First aid is a temporary form of help given to someone who suddenly falls ill or gets injured before a doctor can be found.given to someone 是过去分词做后置定语，修饰help ，give与help 在逻辑上是被动关系。1） aid (v)帮助，援助 （n）U帮助，援助 ；C助手，辅助用品例句：A dictionary is an invaluable aid in learning a new language.字典是学习一门外语的宝贵的辅助工具.He aids me in business.他在生意上帮助我.搭配：a hearing aid_ teaching aids_ medical aid_perform first aid (to the injured) 对伤患者进行急救give/ offer first aid 给予急救 come/go to sbs aid 前来/去帮助某人 with the aid of 借助于in aid of 为了帮助 aid sb in/ with 为某事帮助某人 aid sb to do sth 帮某人做某事2) temporary: adj. 临时的,短暂的temporary accommodation_ temporary measure _ 临时雇员_3)fall ill fall 在此为连系动词，意为“变得 ，进入某种状态”，后接n/adj，如 fall aslee睡着 fall silent安静下来 fall lame 变跛 fall behind 落后。fall ill 为短暂性动词，不可表示一段持续时间How long has she fallen ill?(改错)Caught in a heavy rain, he fell ill and died.4)get injured get 是连系动词，后接分词形式的形容词，意为“变得 ，进入某种状态”，get是个瞬间动词。类似结构：get hurt_ get married_ get changed_get lost_ get paid_ get dressed_ get drunk_get infected_ get separated_ get bored_ get burned_injured (adj)“受伤的”; _（vt）使受伤，损害，伤害; _（n）伤口，伤害Injure 指由于意外或事故而受伤,也可指无形的伤害.Hurt 多指精神上或肉体上受到的伤害,含有较强烈的疼痛意味.Wound指外界暴力引起的皮肉伤,是出血的严重的伤,尤指战场中的伤害.Harm指精神或肉体上的损害,但不表示伤痛.可指对抽象事物.Damage主要指对事物(价值/用途/外观等)造成的损害,损失.Two people have been seriously _ in the road accident.The church was _ by bombing during World War.We wont do anything that will _ the cause of peace.He felt rather _ at your words.Five people were killed and many others were seriously _ in the attack.2.bleed：（vi/vt）放血，流血 -_(过去式)- _(过去分词)blood _ bloody _bleed to death_ blood bank _ blood type _blood test _ blood pressure _ blood transfusion _Blood is thicker than water._句意理解：The ages of most of the people in our company are more than 50.so we need new blood here.The murderer killed the little girl in cold blood because he was afraid of her accusation.John come home with a bloody nose.The way he treated these people really make my blood boil.She sweated blood over her career.3.Choke vt 使窒息，使呼吸困难；堵塞例句:He almost _(噎死)on a fish bone.The chimney was choked up with soot.那个烟囱被烟灰堵住了.辨析：choke指阻塞人的呼吸道或管道，水流等；block指阻塞道路，使人，物，车等无法顺利通过。4.barrier （Cn）屏障，栅栏等障碍物，障碍(+to)language barrier_barrier to success_barrier against disease _barrier between the two countries _5.poison (n) U/C 毒药，毒害 ；有害的事物（vt）投毒，使中毒，污染，毒害（思想）_ （adj）有毒的,很糟糕的 _（n）中毒，服毒，毒害例句：These foods contain a deadly poison.这些事物含有剧毒。Hatred is a poison that will destroy your life.憎恨是会毁掉一个人生活的有害的东西。Television violence is poisoning the minds of young people.暴力电视正毒害年轻人的思想。6.It keeps you warm or cool; It prevents your body from losing too much water; it is where you feel cold, heat or pain and it gives you your sense of touch.1）keep+宾语+宾补（形容词/现在分词/过去分词/介词/方位副词）“使继续处于某种状态”使自己保持健康 _ 使自己保持清醒 _使工人整天工作 _2)stop sb/sth (from) ; keep sb/sth from; prevent sb/sth (from) “阻止某人做某事”No one can prevent the plan from _（阻止这个计划的实施）.The sudden rain prevented _(阻止我们动身)A line of first was built along the border to _ the country against attack.A. prevent B.protect C.stop D.keep3) sense：n. 感觉；鉴别力，判断力；意义a/the sense of touch/sight/hearing/taste/smell _a sense of humour/beauty/direction/security/guilty _have the sense to do_ common sense_ in a sense _make sense of _ make sense_ make no sense_There is no sense in(doing )sth _7.variety: sing/pl(+of)各种（事物）；C动植物等的种类；C多样化，变体例句: The T-shirts are available in a wide variety of/varieties of colors.A variety of toys _(be)on show in the shop.The varieties of the books he has _(be)astonishing.There _(be)a new variety of apple.8.electric/electricalElectric通常指使用或产生电力的,常修饰具体的词：electric light/guitar/drill/chair/shockElectrical与更概括的词如equipment（电器设备）和wring（传电线路）以及与电有关或有关电的研究内容的。electrical fault/engineer 电力故障/电器工程师9.swell vt/vi（-_ pt-_ pp）：vi/vt肿，使膨胀；swollen（adj）肿胀的，涨满水的例句：The heavy rain swelled the river. 大雨使河水上涨。His injured wrist began to swell up. 他受伤的手腕开始肿起来。His heart was swellen with pride at his achievement. 他有了成绩而沾沾自喜。10.stick : vt/vi（-_ pt-_ pp）, 粘在上；刺入，戳搭配：get stuck in陷入，卡住 stick sth in