重庆市合川二中2020高考英语二轮阅读理解统练（15）阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的A,B,C或D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。The term “underemployment” has three related meanings. In one sense, it refers to a situation in which someone with excellent job qualifications (资格) is working in a position that requires less qualifications, as for instance in the case of a lawyer driving a school bus. In the second sense, it means working part-time when one would prefer to be working full-time. In the third sense, it is a form of overstaffing (人浮于事) in which employees are not being fully made use of.All forms of underemployment have effect on the economy and the health of the business community. Long-term underemployment can also cover up the truth behind the employment situations. When nations collect employment statistics, they usually come up with a base number of “unemployed” individuals, using that number to judge the health of the job market. This number does not include part-time workers looking for full-time jobs, as they are considered employed, and it also doesnt reflect workers who are underpaid, considering their qualifications.In the first sense, underemployment is a common problem in many of the developed world. Many people with college degrees are working in low-level or service industry jobs because the job market is full.The issue of part-time employment is also very serious. Some people are forced into part-time jobs, while others find themselves taking a part-time job because nothing else is available, even though they really need to work full-time. This problem is especially common in areas with seasonal employment, where employers find it cheaper to maintain and lay off part-time staffs, rather than keeping a full staff at all times.In the sense of shortage of workers, underemployment appears in a variety of situations. Some companies maintain a full staff to be prepared for seasonal work, or to keep well-trained, qualified workers so that they will be available when needed. Labor laws and union pressures may also prevent a company from cutting down on staff or working hours, leading to a situation in which people report to work, but have nothing to do.1. The purpose of the passage is.A. to show underemployment is becoming more serious todayB. to imply women are laid off more than menC. to explain the meaning of “underemployment”D. to tell the present economic situations2. According to the text, underemployment means.A. the same meaning as the wordunemployedB. employees are not fully taken charged ofC. qualified workers get a low salaryD. people who do manual work for wages3. When it comes to unemployment statistics, .A. the underpaid workers are includedB. it implies the people who are joblessC. the part-time employees are includedD. it shows the employment situation of a country4. Which of the following is NOT TRUE to the 4th and 5th paragraph?A. Underemployment only occurs in advanced countries.B. People with college degrees sometimes take a part-time job.C. Part-time staffs seems benefit from firms less.D. Companies need full-time staffs indeed.5. Some companies maintain a full staff.A. to compete with others in the future B. to make preparations for seasonal workC. to get the skilled workers paid D. to obey labor laws and union pressures【参考答案】15、CBBAB阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的A,B,C或D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。Rainforest is home to around two-thirds of all plant and animal species found on landin addition to millions of people who depend on them for survivalour remaining ancient forests are some of the most diverse ecosystems known to science. They are also vitally important to the health of our planet, especially when it comes to regulating the climate. But ancient forests around the world are under attack.Protecting rainforests is on the global agenda (议事日程) in a big way. Governments now recognize the importance of protecting tropical forests in order to avoid dangerous climate change, and there is now much debate. As governments try to thrash out the details of a new international agreement, expected to be signed at the end of 2020, they are discussing how best to include measures to save rainforests, and therefore address one of the major causes of climate change. Worldwide, forest destruction causes more greenhouse gas emissions (排放) each year than do all the trains, planes and cars on the planet. So if we are to deal with global warming, there is an urgent need to find ways to reduce the 20% of global greenhouse gas emissions caused by forest destruction each year, and to keep the remaining forests standing.We need to protect the planets remaining forests not only to stop climate change from getting worse, but to ensure that we can stand the impacts of global warming. Healthy forests absorb and store quantities of carbon, helping to regulate temperature and generate rain. When they are destroyed, this carbon is released into the atmosphere. Thus keeping forests s