ChineseMedicalHerbs TheoriginoftheTraditionalChineseMedicineandtheDevelopmentoftheScienceofTCM DatingbacktotheancientChina ourancestorwrotethe Fifty twodiseaseparty 五十二病方 whichrecordsmorethan300prescriptionsand200kindsofdrugs Besides inthebook RitesofZhou 周礼 therearesomecontentsabout thefiveflavors thefivecereals rice twokindsofmillet wheatandbeans CollectandprocessofTCM 中药的采制 Processing 炮制 preparation 制剂 ThePerformanceoftheTCM 中药的性能 Itcanalsocalleddrugproperties 药性 anditmainlyconclude fournaturesofdrugs 四气 thefiveflavors 五味 channeltropism tr upiz m 归经 ascendinganddescending floatingandsinking 升降浮沉 toxicity 毒性 andetc FourNaturesofDrugs 四气 Itreferstothefourpropertiesofdrugs thatis cold hot warmandcool Itreflectsthebody seffectofinclination 作用倾向 oftheupsanddownsofYinandYang 阴阳盛衰 andtheSemi interiorphasechange 寒热变化 afterthedrugsactingonthebody Inthebook ShengNong sherbalclassic 神农本草经 thereisabasicprincipleintreatingColdsymptoms 真热假寒证 whichisthat Treatthecoldwithhotmedicine treatthehotwithcoldmedicine 疗寒以热药 疗热以寒药 TheFiveFlavors 五味 Itcontainsfivebasicherbalmedicinesinaprescription 药味 pungent sweet sour bitter andsalty Itcandividedintotwoparts Yin pungent sweet Yang sour bitter andsalty Theefficacities 功效 offiveflavors Pungent functionsofvolatilization 发散 promotingthecirculationofQi 行气 invigoratingthecirculationofblood 活血 andetc It salwaysusedtotreatExteriorSyndrome 表证 suchasherbaephedra 麻黄 Sweet functionsoftonifying 补益 harmonizingthemiddlewarmer 和中 regulatingherbalproperty 调和药性 andalleviatingpain 缓急止痛 Theefficacities 功效 offiveflavors 2 Sour hastheactionsofastringing 收敛 inducingastringency 固涩 Bitter hasthefunctionsofdeprivingtheevilwetness 燥湿 dischargingthedefecation 通泄大便 Salt functionsofsofteninghardnesstodissipatestagnation 软坚散结 anddefecation ThePhilosophicFoundationofTCM wuxingtheory MetalOneofthefivephaseswithwhichtheseasonautumnthecolorwhitethetasteacridity pungentandthelungandlargeintestineinthebodyareassociated WoodOneofthefivephaseswithwhichtheseasonspringthecolorblueorgreenthetastesournessandtheliverandgallbladderinthebodyareassociated FireOneofthefivephaseswithwhichtheseasonsummerthecolorredthetastebitternessandtheheartandsmallintestineinthebodyareassociated Water 1 Oneofthefivephaseswithwhichtheseasonwinterthecolorblackthetastesaltinessandthekidneyandbladderinthebodyareassociated 2 Pathologicaspectofbodyfluid EarthOneofthefivephaseswithwhichtheseasonoflatesummerthecoloryellowthetastesweetnessandthespleenandstomachinthebodyareassociated AscendingandDescending FloatingandSinking 升降浮沉 Itreferstothedrugs fourdifferentfunctiontrend up down insideandouside tothebody ChannelTropism tr upiz m 归经 Itreferstothedrugs selectivefunctiontosomepartofthebody Thatistosay onekindofdrughasamainorspecialtreatingfunctionforthepathologicalchanges 病变 ofsomeorgansandmeridians 脏腑器官 Toxicity 毒性 Ithastwomeaninginhistory thebias 偏性 thatthedrughaswhenusedintreatingdiseases theadverseeffect 不良影响 andthedamagethatthedrugdotothebody TheapplicationofTCM Compatibilityofmedicines 配伍 meansthatmakinguseoftwoormorethantwokindsofdrugsselectivelyaccordingtodifferentneedsanddifferentfeaturesofthepatient scondition Itcanbeconcludedbysevenaspects whichcalledthe sevenemotions ofthedrugs TheCompatibilityofHerbs sevenemotions Singleapplication 单行 Synergism 相须 Mutualassistance 相使 Mutualinhibition 相畏 Mutualdetoxification 相杀 Mutualantagonism 相恶 Incompatibility 相反 ContraindicationinUsingHerbs 用药禁忌 Incompatibility eighteenincompatiblemedicaments 十八反 nineteencounteraction 十九畏 Contraindicationduringpregnancy 妊娠用药禁忌 DietaryTaboosduringtakingthemedicine 服药时的饮食禁忌 Dosageandusage Theusage Decoction 煎煮方法 Bedecoctedfirst 先煎 Putthemedicinenext 后下 Drugwrappedduringdecocted 包煎 Exterior releasingmedicine 解表药 Itrefersacategoryofmedicinesthathavetheeffectofdispellingexternalpathogenfromtheexterioraspectofthebody usuallyfromsweating Wind cold dispersingmedicine 发散风寒药 Wind heatdispersingmedicine 发散风热药 Wind cold dispersingmedicine ExampleGinger 生姜 DrugProperties Pungent warm Intheliver stomach spleen Efficacy warmingmiddleenergizerarrestvomiting 温中止呕 Exterior releasing anddissipatingcold 解表散寒 Application vomitingduetocoldnessinstomach 胃寒呕吐 coldcough 风寒咳嗽 commoncoldduetowind cold 风寒感冒 草类及叶类中药叶类指干 枯 嫩叶 如苦竹叶和侧柏叶 单复叶如番泻叶 都统称Folium Wind heatdispersingmedicine Example FoliumMori DrugProperties sweet bitter cold Inliver lung Efficacy dispellingwindandheatfromthebody 疏散风热 clearingthelungandmoisteningdryness 清肺润燥 LiverEyesight 清肝明目 restraintheliverYang 平抑肝阳 Application Wind heatexteriorsyndrome 风热表证 coughwithlungheat 肺热咳嗽 coughcausedbydryness heat 燥热咳嗽 andsoon Heat clearingmedicinalmaterial 清热药 Definition acategoryofmedicinethathavetheeffectofclearingupinternalheatincasesofexternallycontractedfebrilediseasesorfeverduetoyindeficiency Heat clearingandfire clearingdrug 清热泻火 Heat clearinganddamp dryingdrug 清热燥湿 Clearingawayheatandtoxicmaterial 清热解毒 Removingpathogenicheatfromblooddrug 清热凉血 中草药 Chineseherbalmedicines 中药的译名国际上是根据动植物学名中属名或种名加上其根 茎 花 实 叶 皮及全草等药用部分共同组成的 根类中药 板蓝根Radix黄连Rhiz