题型五 任务型阅读理解话题1事物介绍Passage 1 2017鄂州改编Bamboo is one of the natures most surprising plants. Many people call this plant a tree, but it is a kind of grass.Like other kinds of grass, a bamboo plant may be cut very low to the ground. but it will grow back very quickly. A Japanese scientist recorded one bamboo plant that grew almost 15 meters in 24 hours! Bamboo grows almost everywhere in the world except Europe. There are more than 1,000 kinds of bamboo that grow around the world on both mountains and plains(平原).Not all bamboo looks the same. Some bamboo plants are very thin. They may only grow to be a few centimeters wide while others may grow to more than 30 centimeters across. This plant also comes in different colors, from yellow to black to green.Many Asian countries have been using bamboo for hundreds of years. They often use bamboo for building new buildings. As a matter of fact, the cables (绳索) that hold up the hanging bridge across the Min River in Sichuan are made of bamboo. The bridge has been in use for more than 1,000 years, and is still holding strong.In Africa, engineers are teaching poor farmers how to use bamboo to find water. These African countries need cheap ways to find water because they have no money, and their fields often die from no rain and no water. It seems that bamboo is one of the best things they can use. Bamboo pipes and drills (钻) can help to make the poor thirsty fields be watered.1.将文中处画线句子改为同义句。_2.文中处画线句子翻译成汉语。_3.写出文中画线处“they”指代的内容。_4.将文中处画线句子改为复合句。_5.What is the topic sentence of the passage?_Passage 2 2017陕西改编Friendship Day is a great day for celebrating friendship. It falls on the first Sunday of August every year. Celebrating the festival was firstly started by the US in 1935. But now this doesnt only happen in the US. People in other countries are interested in it, too.The idea of spending the day with friends was spread all over the world. With more and more countries joining in the celebrations, Friendship Day soon became an international festival.Between 1935 and 1997, Friendship Day didnt have a symbol(象征), like Santa Claus for Christmas. However, in 1997, the United Nations named Winnie the Pooh as the worlds Ambassador (大使) of Friendship.The traditional celebrations include activities such as meeting with friends and exchanging (交换) cards, flowers and gifts. people, have, with, some, may, parties, friends, their(.) Some may have lunch or dinner together. Others may hang out or go to the movies with friends on this special day. These are popular among all age groups from teenagers to old people.Although Friendship Day and its celebrations may have changed over the years, the basic idea behind the festival remains the same. People enjoy the moment they spend together and express love and care for their friends.1.写出文中处画线代词所指内容。_2.将文中处画线句子翻译成汉语。_3.将文中处画线内容连词成句。（标点符号已在括号内给出）_4.What does the fourth paragraph mainly tell us?_5.What does the writer think of the festival?_Passage 3Heavy smog has been covering many cities in northern China. It has caused the government to invent the mist cannon (水雾大炮). The mist cannon can be used to fight with pollution.The mist cannon is a large machine. It is fixed on a truck that sprays (喷洒) water mist. It is not well-known, but gain popularity. They were firstly used at building houses to reduce dust. But engineers have improved the machines. They want to make them send off drops of mist. “It is now for fighting airborne particles (大气尘埃) and protecting the environment,” said Xu Yuexin, an engineer with Beijing Capital Group Boom-sound Environment Science & Technology Co Ltd. It provides the mist cannon service in parts of the capital.“The truck works by spraying water mist. Then they could combine with the dust and small particles to fall to the ground,” Xu said. Experts have found theyre effective, but have their limits. They are only one of the measures being taken. However, reducing emissions (排放) is still the best way to control air pollution for the longer term. The government